watercress supplementation in diet reduces lymphocyte dna damage and alters blood antioxidant status in healthy adults

Auteur(s) :
Gill CI., Rowland IR., Haldar S., Boyd LA., Bennett R., Whiteford J., Butler MS., Pearson JR., Bradbury I.
Date :
Fév, 2007
Source(s) :
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION. #85:2 p504-510
Adresse :
Addresses: Gill CIR (reprint author), Univ Ulster, No Ireland Ctr Food & Hlth, Ctr Mol Biosci, Cronmore Rd, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Londonderry North Ireland Univ Ulster, No Ireland Ctr Food & Hlth, Ctr Mol Biosci, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Londonderry North Ireland Inst Food Res, Norwich, Norfolk England E-mail Addresses: [email protected] Publisher: AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA, http://www.faseb.org/ascn Discipline: ENDOCRINOLOGY, METABOLISM & NUTRITION ENDOCRINOLOGY, NUTRITION & METABOLISM CC Editions/Collections: Clinical Medicine (CM); Life Sciences (LS) IDS Number: 137JZ

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Abstract: Background: Cruciferous vegetable (CV) consumption is associated with a reduced risk of several cancers in epidemiologic studies.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of watercress (a CV) supplementation on biomarkers related to cancer risk in healthy adults.

Design: A single-blind, randomized, crossover study was conducted in 30 men and 30 women (30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers) with a mean age of 33 y (range: 19-55 y). The subjects were fed 85 g raw watercress daily for 8 wk in addition to their habitual diet. The effect of supplementation was measured on a range of endpoints, including DNA damage in lymphocytes (with the comet assay), activity of detoxifying enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) in erythrocytes, plasma antioxidants (retinol, ascorbic acid, a-tocopherol, lutein, and beta-carotene), plasma total antioxidant status with the use of the ferric reducing ability of plasma assay, and plasma lipid profile.

Results: Watercress supplementation (active compared with control phase) was associated with reductions in basal DNA damage (by 17%; P = 0.03), in basal plus oxidative purine DNA damage (by 23.9%; P = 0.002), and in basal DNA damage in response to ex vivo hydrogen peroxide challenge (by 9.4%; P = 0.07). Beneficial changes seen after watercress intervention were greater and more significant in smokers than in nonsmokers. Plasma lutein and P-carotene increased significantly by 100% and 33% (P < 0.001), respectively, after watercress supplementation.

Conclusion: The results support the theory that consumption of watercress can be linked to a reduced risk of cancer via decreased damage to DNA and possible modulation of antioxidant status by increasing carotenoid concentrations.

Source : Pubmed
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