PURPOSE: To establish risk factors for five-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN: Population-based, prospective cohort study, and risk analysis. METHODS: A random sample from the Reykjavik Population Census for individuals 50 years and older was selected. We took fundus stereo color photographs and used standard grading system to study the five-year incidence of drusen, pigmentary abnormalities, and AMD and to examine possible risk factors. A questionnaire including information on disease, medication, diet, and lifestyle from the Reykjavik Eye Study database provided additional information. RESULTS: Current alcohol consumption decreased the risk for drusen. Being married rather than divorced or widowed decreased the risk for soft drusen; being single decreased the risk of hypopigmentation as compared with being divorced or married. Both consuming dietary fiber-rich vegetables and meat and meat products once a week or less frequently was a risk factor for developing soft drusen and decreased the risk of pigmentary abnormalities. Those who had smoked 20 pack-years or more as compared with nonsmokers had decreased survival rate over the five years (odds ratio (OR) 0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27 to 0.80; P = .006). CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for drusen appear to differ from risk factors for pigmentary abnormalities. The effect of smoking on developing AMD is partly masked by selective mortality.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","mots_cles":[],"class_list":["post-48172","resume","type-resume","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"adresse":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.","annee":"2006","mois":"9","numero":"142:3","page":"419-28","auteurs":[{"ID":48166,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-04 04:28:57","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:28:57","post_content":"","post_title":"Arnarsson","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"arnarsson","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-04 04:28:57","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:28:57","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/arnarsson\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":48167,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-04 04:28:58","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:28:58","post_content":"","post_title":"Sverrisson","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sverrisson","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-04 04:28:58","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:28:58","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/sverrisson\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":48168,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-04 04:28:59","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:28:59","post_content":"","post_title":"Stefansson","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"stefansson","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-04 04:28:59","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:28:59","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/stefansson\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":48169,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-04 04:28:59","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:28:59","post_content":"","post_title":"Sigurdsson","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sigurdsson","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-04 04:28:59","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:28:59","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/sigurdsson\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":48170,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-04 04:29:00","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:29:00","post_content":"","post_title":"Sasaki","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sasaki","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-04 04:29:00","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:29:00","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/sasaki\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":48171,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-04 04:29:01","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:29:01","post_content":"","post_title":"Jonasson","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"jonasson","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-04 04:29:01","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-04 03:29:01","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/jonasson\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"sources":[{"ID":44142,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-04 03:18:19","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-04 02:18:19","post_content":"","post_title":"AM J OPHTHALMOL.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"am-j-ophthalmol","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-04 03:18:19","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-04 02:18:19","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/source\/am-j-ophthalmol\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"source","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}]},"yoast_head":"\n