Dietary patterns influence various cardiometabolic risk factors, including body weight, lipoprotein concentrations, and function, blood pressure, glucose-insulin homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial health. The Mediterranean diet can be described as a dietary pattern characterized by the high consumption of plant-based foods, olive oil as the main source of fat, low-to-moderate consumption of fish, dairy products and poultry, low consumption of red and processed meat, and low-to-moderate consumption of wine with meals. The American Diabetes Association and the American Heart Association recommend Mediterranean diet for improving glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes. Prospective studies show that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a 20-23 % reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes, while the results of randomized controlled trials show that Mediterranean diet reduces glycosylated hemoglobin levels by 0.30-0.47 %, and is also associated with a 28-30 % reduced risk for cardiovascular events. The mechanisms by which Mediterranean diet produces its cardiometabolic benefits in type 2 diabetes are, for the most, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative: increased consumption of high-quality foods may cool down the activation of the innate immune system, by reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines while increasing that of anti-inflammatory cytokines. This may favor the generation of an anti-inflammatory milieu, which in turn may improve insulin sensitivity in the peripheral tissues and endothelial function at the vascular level and ultimately act as a barrier to the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and development of atherosclerosis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","mots_cles":[],"class_list":["post-19083","resume","type-resume","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"adresse":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. katherine.esposito@unina2.it","annee":"2016","mois":"7","numero":":","page":"","auteurs":[{"ID":9279,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-03 18:09:23","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-03 17:09:23","post_content":"","post_title":"Katherine Esposito","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"katherine-esposito","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-03 18:09:23","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-03 17:09:23","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/katherine-esposito\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":9280,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-03 18:09:24","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-03 17:09:24","post_content":"","post_title":"Dario Giugliano","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dario-giugliano","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-03 18:09:24","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-03 17:09:24","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/dario-giugliano\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":3278,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-03 17:04:00","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-03 16:04:00","post_content":"","post_title":"Demosthenes B Panagiotakos","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"demosthenes-b-panagiotakos","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-03 17:04:00","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-03 16:04:00","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/demosthenes-b-panagiotakos\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":9283,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-03 18:09:26","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-03 17:09:26","post_content":"","post_title":"Maria Ida Maiorino","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"maria-ida-maiorino","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-03 18:09:26","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-03 17:09:26","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/maria-ida-maiorino\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":16661,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-03 19:41:47","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-03 18:41:47","post_content":"","post_title":"Giuseppe Bellastella","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"giuseppe-bellastella","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-03 19:41:47","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-03 18:41:47","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/auteur\/giuseppe-bellastella\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_resume","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"sources":[{"ID":19082,"post_author":"0","post_date":"2018-12-03 20:16:23","post_date_gmt":"2018-12-03 19:16:23","post_content":"","post_title":"Endocrine","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"endocrine","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2018-12-03 20:16:23","post_modified_gmt":"2018-12-03 19:16:23","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/source\/endocrine\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"source","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}]},"yoast_head":"\n