{"id":90990,"date":"2023-03-30T14:07:34","date_gmt":"2023-03-30T12:07:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=article_revue&#038;p=90990"},"modified":"2023-03-30T14:07:43","modified_gmt":"2023-03-30T12:07:43","slug":"eco-holobionte-une-approche-holistique-pour-mieux-comprendre-les-interactions-hote-micro-organismes","status":"publish","type":"article_revue","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-revue-equation-nutrition\/eco-holobionte-une-approche-holistique-pour-mieux-comprendre-les-interactions-hote-micro-organismes\/","title":{"rendered":"Eco-holobionte : une approche holistique pour mieux comprendre les interactions h\u00f4te-micro-organismes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Article-1-ok.jpg\" alt=\"escargot micro organismes sol plante \" class=\"wp-image-90954\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Au cours de derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, la recherche sur le microbiome est devenu un sujet de grand int\u00e9r\u00eat scientifique et public. De nombreuses \u00e9tudes \u00e9mergent notamment sur l\u2019influence de la composition du microbiome et de ses relations avec l\u2019h\u00f4te. Toutefois, les connaissances restent limit\u00e9es sur l\u2019importance des interactions entre esp\u00e8ces et des liens entre les composantes d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me sur la constitution du microbiome. Afin de combler ces lacunes, un article r\u00e9cent propose le concept d\u2019\u00e9co-holobionte, une approche globale des interactions entre microbiomes d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e9cemment d\u00e9fini, le <strong>microbiome <\/strong>correspond \u00e0 l\u2019<strong>ensemble des g\u00e9nomes<\/strong> des <strong>microbiotes <\/strong>occupant un <strong>environnement particulier<\/strong>. Cette notion tient compte des <strong>interactions <\/strong>entre les <strong>micro-organismes<\/strong> et les <strong>conditions environnementales<\/strong> qui les entourent (<a href=\"https:\/\/microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40168-020-00875-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Berg et al, 2020<\/a>). Les microbiomes jouent un <strong>r\u00f4le essentiel <\/strong>dans la <strong>sant\u00e9 <\/strong>et le <strong>bien-\u00eatre<\/strong> de l\u2019h\u00f4te qui les h\u00e9berge. En effet, il existe de nombreuses <strong>interactions h\u00f4te-microbiome<\/strong> capables d\u2019<strong>influencer<\/strong> la <strong>r\u00e9sistance <\/strong>de l\u2019h\u00f4te \u00e0 des facteurs environnementaux d\u00e9favorables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ainsi, l\u2019h\u00f4te et son microbiome sont de plus en plus consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme une <strong>unit\u00e9<\/strong> appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u202f<strong>holobionte<\/strong>\u202f\u00bb, dans laquelle le microbiome fournit une <strong>extension g\u00e9nomique<\/strong> et <strong>fonctionnelle <\/strong>\u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4te (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25974302\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hacquard, 2015<\/a>). Alors que ce concept a consid\u00e9rablement \u00e9largi la <strong>compr\u00e9hension<\/strong> des interactions h\u00f4te-microbiome, il met \u00e9galement en \u00e9vidence certaines <strong>lacunes <\/strong>dans les <strong>connaissances<\/strong>. Afin de les combler, un article r\u00e9cent (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18081854\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Singh et al, 2020<\/strong><\/a>) propose d\u2019<strong>\u00e9tendre<\/strong> le concept d\u2019holobionte \u00e0 celui d\u2019<strong>\u00e9co-holobionte<\/strong>, une approche <strong>globale <\/strong>des<strong> interactions<\/strong> entre les <strong>microbiomes<\/strong> d\u2019un <strong>\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00f4te-microbiome : une th\u00e9orie de co\u00e9volution et des interactions constantes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon ce travail, il existe de nombreuses voies d&rsquo;<strong>interactions h\u00f4te-microbiome<\/strong>, \u00e0 la fois positives et n\u00e9gatives, bien qu&rsquo;elles soient le plus souvent <strong>b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques <\/strong>et <strong>symbiotiques<\/strong>. Plusieurs th\u00e9ories supposent notamment que l\u2019h\u00f4te et le microbiome ont <strong>\u00e9volu\u00e9 ensemble<\/strong> et qu&rsquo;ils <strong>s&rsquo;enrichissent mutuellement<\/strong>. Des r\u00e9sultats r\u00e9cents d\u00e9montrent notamment que &#8211; malgr\u00e9 leur composition microbienne distincte \u2013 les <strong>plantes<\/strong> et les <strong>intestins<\/strong> partagent les <strong>m\u00eames <span class='tooltipsall tooltip_post_id_custom_4a15cfe541f90bbcf01cb7593d73a41c classtoolTipsCustomShortCodeOnlyForMultiTooltips'>taxons<\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\">jQuery(\"document\").ready(function(){ toolTips('.tooltip_post_id_custom_4a15cfe541f90bbcf01cb7593d73a41c',\"Entit\u00e9 regroupant tous les organismes vivants poss\u00e9dant des caract\u00e9ristiques communes bien d\u00e9finies\",'0'); });<\/script> microbiens <\/strong>(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ismej20157\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mendes, 2015<\/a>). D\u2019autres donn\u00e9es r\u00e9v\u00e8lent que les microbiomes des plantes proviennent du sol et\/ou de l\u2019air et sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement \u00e9chang\u00e9s entre les fleurs et les pollinisateurs ou entre les feuilles et les herbivores (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep08695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ushio, 2015<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28590879\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shikano, 2017<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-019-12785-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kim, 2019<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u2019autre part, les <strong>interactions h\u00f4tes-microbiomes<\/strong> sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement <strong>influenc\u00e9es<\/strong> par la <strong>g\u00e9n\u00e9tique <\/strong>et l\u2019<strong>\u00e9tat nutritionnel <\/strong>de l\u2019h\u00f4te. De nouvelles donn\u00e9es sugg\u00e8rent \u00e9galement que la composition du microbiome est <strong>influenc\u00e9e <\/strong>par des <strong>variables abiotiques<\/strong> &#8211; sols, eau, air &#8211; (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25974302\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hacquard, 2015<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29266641\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hamonts, 2018<\/a>). C\u2019est le cas par exemple pour les <strong>plantes <\/strong>: des interactions sp\u00e9cifiques ont lieu dans la <span class='tooltipsall tooltip_post_id_custom_44408f4539df86ddd653a61cafaa7ef6 classtoolTipsCustomShortCodeOnlyForMultiTooltips'>rhizosph\u00e8re<\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\">jQuery(\"document\").ready(function(){ toolTips('.tooltip_post_id_custom_44408f4539df86ddd653a61cafaa7ef6',\"La rhizosph\u00e8re est une partie du microbiote directement form\u00e9e et influenc\u00e9e par les racines des plantes et les micro-organismes associ\u00e9s.\",'0'); });<\/script> et l\u2019<span class='tooltipsall tooltip_post_id_custom_62fd6b9f38cb119a160615b20b1b70ca classtoolTipsCustomShortCodeOnlyForMultiTooltips'>endosph\u00e8re<\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\">jQuery(\"document\").ready(function(){ toolTips('.tooltip_post_id_custom_62fd6b9f38cb119a160615b20b1b70ca',\"L\\'endosph\u00e8re correspond \u00e0 l\\'ensemble du microbiote vivant \u00e0 l\\'int\u00e9rieur de la plante.\",'0'); });<\/script> et peuvent ainsi modifier de mani\u00e8re significative la <strong>composition microbienne<\/strong> et la comp\u00e9tition pour les nutriments (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26542567\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Coyte, 2015<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0966842X19301027\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thakur, 2019<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019influence des interactions entre esp\u00e8ces sur le microbiome encore peu \u00e9tudi\u00e9e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Si l\u2019influence des facteurs abiotiques sur la composition et les interactions h\u00f4te-microbiome est aujourd\u2019hui bien document\u00e9e, <strong>peu de donn\u00e9es<\/strong> sont <strong>disponibles <\/strong>sur l<strong>\u2019impact des interactions <span class='tooltipsall tooltip_post_id_custom_e0e3a2d3a69caefe3798194f706eeaa9 classtoolTipsCustomShortCodeOnlyForMultiTooltips'>biotiques<\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\">jQuery(\"document\").ready(function(){ toolTips('.tooltip_post_id_custom_e0e3a2d3a69caefe3798194f706eeaa9',\"Relations r\u00e9ciproques entre \u00eatre vivants dans un \u00e9co-syst\u00e8me\",'0'); });<\/script><\/strong>. En effet, <strong>seule une fraction<\/strong> de la variabilit\u00e9 du microbiome s\u2019explique par la <strong>g\u00e9n\u00e9tique <\/strong>de l\u2019h\u00f4te ainsi que par des <strong>facteurs physiques <\/strong>comme le climat et les sols.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De plus, la mani\u00e8re dont les <strong>interactions microbiennes<\/strong> <strong>entre esp\u00e8ces <\/strong>influencent l\u2019h\u00f4te et l\u2019environnement demeure <strong>obscure <\/strong>(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep08695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ushio, 2015<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28590879\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shikano, 2017<\/a>). Selon les auteurs, il existe ainsi des <strong>lacunes <\/strong>dans les <strong>connaissances <\/strong>qui doivent \u00eatre abord\u00e9es afin d\u2019\u00e9tudier les <strong>interactions<\/strong> entre les microbiomes des diff\u00e9rents composants d\u2019un m\u00eame <strong>\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Eco-holobionte : une approche globale et similaire au \u201cOne Health\u201d pour renforcer les connaissances actuelles<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Afin d\u2019identifier les <strong>processus \u00e9cologiques<\/strong> r\u00e9gissant la <strong>composition <\/strong>et le <strong>fonctionnement <\/strong>des <strong>microbiomes<\/strong>, cet article propose une approche bas\u00e9e sur le concept d\u2019<strong>\u00e9co-holobionte<\/strong>. Cette approche <strong>holistique<\/strong> et <strong>appuy\u00e9e<\/strong> par des <strong>\u00e9tudes scientifiques<\/strong> <strong>r\u00e9centes<\/strong>, associe l\u2019<strong>holobionte<\/strong> avec d\u2019<strong>autres composantes de l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le concept d\u2019<strong>\u00e9co-holobionte<\/strong> sugg\u00e8re que l<strong>\u2019interaction entre les microbiomes biotiques<\/strong> \u2013 plantes et animaux \u2013 et <strong>environnementaux <\/strong>\u2013 sol, eau, air \u2013 forme une <strong>boucle microbiologique<\/strong> susceptible d\u2019<strong>influencer<\/strong> la <strong>constitution<\/strong> des <strong>holobiontes<\/strong> pour tous les organismes vivants au sein d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me (voir figure 1). Ainsi, cette approche est <strong>similaire <\/strong>au \u201c<strong>One Health<\/strong>\u201d qui suppose que les microbiomes <strong>environnementaux <\/strong>et <strong>animaux<\/strong> sont capables d\u2019<strong>affecter<\/strong> le <strong>microbiome humain <\/strong>et donc la <strong>sant\u00e9 <\/strong>(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00235\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Trinh, 2018<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Figure-art-1-mars.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-90993\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Figure 1 : Sch\u00e9ma du concept d\u2019\u00e9co-holobionte (d\u2019apr\u00e8s <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18081854\/\">Singh et al, 2020<\/a>)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>En conclusion de ce travail, les auteurs insistent sur la <strong>n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 <\/strong>d\u2019une telle approche pour <strong>am\u00e9liorer les connaissances actuelles<\/strong> sur les<strong> facteurs d\u00e9terminants<\/strong> des <strong>micro-organismes<\/strong> de l\u2019h\u00f4te et de la <strong>sant\u00e9 globale de l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me<\/strong>. Sans ce concept, des <strong>informations essentielles<\/strong> sur la diss\u00e9mination, la transmission et la colonisation de l\u2019h\u00f4te par les communaut\u00e9s microbiennes risquent de nous \u00e9chapper.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bas\u00e9 sur <\/strong>: Brajesh K. Singh et al. Eco-holobiont: A new concept to identify drivers of host-associated microorganisms. Environmental Microbiology, 2020;22(2):564\u2013567.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"582\" height=\"510\" src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_APRIFEL-Mars-2023-micro-organismes-02-582x510.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-90995\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__solid-colored\">\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-square-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Messages cl\u00e9s<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__content\"><ul>\n<li>Bien que le concept d&rsquo;holobionte ait consid\u00e9rablement \u00e9largi la compr\u00e9hension \u00e9co-\u00e9volutive et fonctionnelle des interactions entre l&rsquo;h\u00f4te et le microbiome, le r\u00f4le important des interactions biotiques et de la boucle microbienne dans la formation du microbiome de l&rsquo;h\u00f4te n&rsquo;est pas enti\u00e8rement \u00e9lucid\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>L\u2019approche d\u2019\u00e9co-holobionte, similaire \u00e0 l\u2019approche \u201cOne Health\u201d sugg\u00e8re que l\u2019interaction entre les microbiomes biotiques et environnementaux forme une boucle microbienne susceptible d\u2019influencer la constitution des holobiontes pour tous les organismes vivants au sein d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me.<\/li>\n<li>Une telle approche est n\u00e9cessaire pour am\u00e9liorer les connaissances actuelles sur les d\u00e9terminants des micro-organismes de l\u2019h\u00f4te et leurs fonctions.<br \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__reference\">\n    <div class=\"block__reference__leading\" id=\"block__reference__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share-from-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__reference__entries\" id=\"block__reference__entries\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Bordenstein, S.R., and Theis, K.R. Host biology in light of the microbiome: ten principles of holobionts and hologenomes. PLoS Biol. 2015;13: e1002226. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Hacquard, S., et al. Microbiota and host nutrition across plant and animal kingdoms. Cell Host Microbe. 2015;17: 603\u2013616. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Delgado-Baquerizo, M., et al. A global atlas of the dominant bacteria found in soil. Science 2018; 359: 320\u2013325. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Singh, B.K., et al. Relationship between assemblages of mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria on grass roots. Environ Microbiol. 2008;10: 534\u2013541. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Hamonts, K., et al. Field study reveals core plant microbiota and relative importance of their drivers. Environ Microbio. 2018;20:124\u2013140. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Coyte, K.Z., et al. The ecology of the microbiome: networks, competition, and stability. Science. 2015;350: 663\u2013666. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Thakur, M.P., and Geisen, S. Trophic regulation of soil microbiome. Trend Microbiol. 2019;27: 780\u2013781. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Ushio, M., et al. (2015) Microbial communities on flower surface act as signatures of pollinator visitation. Sci Rep 5: 8695. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Shikano, I., et al. Tritrophic interactions: microbe mediated plants effects on insect herbivores. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2017;55: 313\u2013331. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Kim, D.-R., et al. A mutualistic interaction between Streptomyces bacteria, strawberry plants and pollinating bees. Nat Commun. 2019;10: 4802. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Mendes, R., and Raaijmakers, J.M. Cross-kingdom similarities in microbiome functions. ISME J. 2015;9:1905. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Trinh, P., et al. One health relationships between human, animal, and environmental microbiomes: a minireview. Front Public Health. 2018;6: 235. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-90990","article_revue","type-article_revue","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"auteur":"","source":"","revue":[{"ID":90837,"post_author":"25","post_date":"2023-03-30 14:09:58","post_date_gmt":"2023-03-30 12:09:58","post_content":"<!-- wp:image {\"id\":90960,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/edito-ok.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-90960\"\/><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Le <strong>sol<\/strong>, les <strong>plantes<\/strong>, les <strong>animaux <\/strong>et les <strong>\u00eatres humains<\/strong> partagent une <strong>grande diversit\u00e9 <\/strong>de <strong>micro-organismes<\/strong> tels que les virus, les bact\u00e9ries, les arch\u00e9es, les champignons et les protistes. L\u2019ensemble de ces esp\u00e8ces forme des <strong>communaut\u00e9s sp\u00e9cifiques<\/strong> appel\u00e9es <strong>microbiotes<\/strong>, qui jouent un <strong>r\u00f4le essentiel<\/strong> dans la <strong>sant\u00e9 <\/strong>de l'<strong>homme<\/strong> et des <strong>\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, un nombre <strong>important <\/strong>de travaux ont montr\u00e9 que l'<strong>am\u00e9lioration<\/strong> de notre <strong>compr\u00e9hension <\/strong>des <strong>microbiotes <\/strong>\u00e9tait d'un <strong>grand int\u00e9r\u00eat scientifique<\/strong> et <strong>public<\/strong>. Ce num\u00e9ro d\u2019Equation Nutrition pr\u00e9sente ainsi trois articles scientifiques originaux qui dressent un \u00e9tat des lieux des connaissances actuelles sur ce sujet.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Le premier article pr\u00e9sente le <strong>concept \u00e9mergent <\/strong>d'<strong>\u00e9co-holobiont<\/strong><em>e<\/em>, une <strong>approche holistique <\/strong>des <strong>\u00eatres vivants<\/strong> et de leurs <strong>interactions <\/strong>permettant de mieux comprendre la <strong>composition <\/strong>et le <strong>r\u00f4le <\/strong>de chaque <strong>microbiote<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Le deuxi\u00e8me article souligne le <strong>r\u00f4le essentiel du sol<\/strong>, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le <strong>plus grand r\u00e9servoir<\/strong> de <strong>diversit\u00e9 microbienne<\/strong>. Cet article fournit notamment de <strong>nouvelles donn\u00e9es<\/strong> sur la mani\u00e8re dont le <strong>microbiote du sol<\/strong> contribue \u00e0 la <strong>sant\u00e9 <\/strong>des <strong>plantes<\/strong>, des <strong>animaux <\/strong>et des <strong>hommes <\/strong>dans une approche \u201c<strong>One Health<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Enfin, le dernier article se concentre plus <strong>sp\u00e9cifiquement <\/strong>sur le <strong>microbiote v\u00e9g\u00e9tal <\/strong>et explore la mani\u00e8re dont la <strong>composition <\/strong>et la <strong>dynamique des interactions h\u00f4te-microbiote<\/strong> modulent la <strong>sant\u00e9 <\/strong>des <strong>plantes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ensemble, ces trois <strong>approches compl\u00e9mentaires <\/strong>montrent que les <strong>microbiotes <\/strong>du <strong>sol<\/strong>, des <strong>plantes<\/strong>, des <strong>animaux<\/strong> et des <strong>humains <\/strong>sont <strong>interconnect\u00e9s <\/strong>et forment une <strong>boucle microbienne <\/strong>qui <strong>conditionne<\/strong> la <strong>sant\u00e9 <\/strong>de l'<strong>ensemble de l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/pictureable {\"name\":\"acf\/pictureable\",\"data\":{\"authors_0_fully_name\":\"Laurent Palka\",\"_authors_0_fully_name\":\"field_pictureable_author_fully_name\",\"authors_0_profession\":\"Professeur agr\u00e9g\u00e9 au Mus\u00e9um National d'Histoire Naturelle \u2013 Paris\",\"_authors_0_profession\":\"field_pictureable_author_profession\",\"authors_0_information\":\"\",\"_authors_0_information\":\"field_pictureable_author_information\",\"authors_0_picture\":90826,\"_authors_0_picture\":\"field_pictureable_author_picture\",\"authors\":1,\"_authors\":\"field_pictureable_authors\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/about {\"name\":\"acf\/about\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"A propos de l'auteur\",\"_title\":\"field_about_title\",\"content\":\"Laurent Palka est professeur agr\u00e9g\u00e9 et sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 en \u00e9cologie microbienne. Il dirige un projet de recherche en milieu urbain au sein de l'unit\u00e9 de recherche Cesco sur le r\u00f4le des microorganismes dans l'adaptation des plantes sur les toits verts \u00e0 Paris. Laurent participe \u00e9galement \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation d\u2019une \u00e9tude taxonomique des microorganismes dans les sols de France sous l'\u00e9gide de l'\\u003ca href=\\u0022https:\/\/www.ofb.gouv.fr\/\\u0022 rel=\\u0022noopener\\u0022 target=\\u0022_blank\\u0022\\u003eOffice Fran\u00e7ais de la Biodiversit\u00e9\\u003c\/a\\u003e et de l'\\u003ca href=\\u0022https:\/\/www.inrae.fr\/\\u0022 rel=\\u0022noopener\\u0022 target=\\u0022_blank\\u0022\\u003eInrae\\u003c\/a\\u003e. Il est l'\u00e9diteur du livre \\u0022Microbiodiversit\u00e9, un nouveau regard\\u0022 paru en 2018 et a publi\u00e9 l\u2019ouvrage \\u0022Le peuple microbien\\u0022 en 2020. \",\"_content\":\"field_about_content\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/solid-colored {\"name\":\"acf\/solid-colored\",\"data\":{\"pictogram\":\"{ \\u0022style\\u0022 : \\u0022regular\\u0022, \\u0022id\\u0022 : \\u0022square-check\\u0022, \\u0022label\\u0022 : \\u0022Square check\\u0022, \\u0022unicode\\u0022 : \\u0022f14a\\u0022 }\",\"_pictogram\":\"field_solid-colored_pictogram\",\"title\":\"Note de l\u2019\u00e9quipe d\u2019Aprifel : \u00e9galement \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir dans ce num\u00e9ro d\u2019Equation Nutrition \",\"_title\":\"field_solid-colored_title\",\"content\":\"\\u003cul\\u003e\\r\\n\\t\\u003cli\\u003eL'avis d\u2019expert - Microbiotes, des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes en interaction : 2 questions \u00e0 Marc-Andr\u00e9 Selosse\\u003c\/li\\u003e\\r\\n\\t\\u003cli\\u003eNotre infographie \u201cSol, plante, animal et humain : quand les micro-organismes interagissent ensemble ?\u201d\\u003c\/li\\u003e\\r\\n\\t\\u003cli\\u003eNos conseils pratiques pour entretenir son microbiote\\u003c\/li\\u003e\\r\\n\\t\\u003cli\\u003e5 articles r\u00e9cents issus de notre veille scientifique\\u003c\/li\\u003e\\r\\n\\u003c\/ul\\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n \",\"_content\":\"field_solid-colored_content\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->","post_title":"Microbiotes du sol, des plantes, animal et humain : qu'ont-ils \u00e0 nous apprendre ?","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"microbiotes-du-sol-des-plantes-animal-et-humain-quont-ils-a-nous-apprendre","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-10-24 16:55:19","post_modified_gmt":"2024-10-24 14:55:19","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=revue&#038;p=90837","menu_order":37,"post_type":"revue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"position":"1","references":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.6 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Eco-holobionte : mieux comprendre les interactions entre micro-organismes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le concept d\u2019\u00e9co-holobionte sugg\u00e8re que l\u2019interaction entre les microbiomes biotiques et environnementaux forme une boucle microbiologique.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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