{"id":73504,"date":"2020-09-24T21:21:03","date_gmt":"2020-09-24T19:21:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=article_revue&p=73504"},"modified":"2023-09-20T18:58:34","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T16:58:34","slug":"obesite-infantile-prevalence-et-tendances-dans-le-monde","status":"publish","type":"article_revue","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-revue-equation-nutrition\/obesite-infantile-prevalence-et-tendances-dans-le-monde\/","title":{"rendered":"Ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 infantile : pr\u00e9valence et tendances dans le monde"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 infantile repr\u00e9sente un des d\u00e9fis majeurs de sant\u00e9 publique mondiale au XXIe si\u00e8cle. En seulement 40 ans, le nombre d\u2019enfants et d\u2019adolescents ob\u00e8ses a plus que d\u00e9cupl\u00e9, passant de 11 millions \u00e0 124 millions en 2016. S\u2019y ajoutent quelques 216 millions d\u2019enfants et d\u2019adolescents en surpoids1<\/sup>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9valence de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 infantile<\/h2>\n

Certaines r\u00e9gions du monde sont particuli\u00e8rement concern\u00e9es : les pays d\u2019Am\u00e9rique latine ont vu les niveaux d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 infantile doubler en seulement 20 ans ; au Moyen-Orient – de l\u2019\u00c9gypte aux pays du Golfe – la pr\u00e9valence de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 atteint 15-20 %. Sur certaines \u00eeles du Pacifique et des Cara\u00efbes, elle touche plus de 30 % des adolescents. C\u2019est dans les petits \u00c9tats insulaires que la pr\u00e9valence de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 augmente le plus rapidement (Tableau 1).<\/p>\n

Tableau\u00a01\u00a0: 20\u00a0pays affichant le pourcentage le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de jeunes (10-19\u00a0ans) ob\u00e8ses en 2017
\n<\/span>Source : OMS<\/span>2<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Pays<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\nPourcentage de jeunes de 10-19\u00a0ans ob\u00e8ses en 2017<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nauru<\/span><\/td>\n32,3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00celes Cook<\/span><\/td>\n31,3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Palaos<\/span><\/td>\n30,4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Niue<\/span><\/td>\n28,8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tuvalu<\/span><\/td>\n26,4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tonga<\/span><\/td>\n25,8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00celes Marshall<\/span><\/td>\n25,3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tokelau<\/span><\/td>\n23,8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kowe\u00eft<\/span><\/td>\n23,0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kiribati<\/span><\/td>\n21,9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9tats-Unis d\u2019Am\u00e9rique<\/span><\/td>\n21,0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Samoa<\/span><\/td>\n20,8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Macron\u00e9sie<\/span><\/td>\n19,8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Qatar<\/span><\/td>\n17,9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Porto Rico<\/span><\/td>\n17,6<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Arabie saoudite<\/span><\/td>\n17,1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bahamas<\/span><\/td>\n15,9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bahre\u00efn<\/span><\/td>\n15,8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9gypte<\/span><\/td>\n15,6<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande<\/span><\/td>\n15,3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Pr\u00e8s de 280 millions d\u2019enfants seront ob\u00e8ses d\u2019ici 2030<\/strong>
\nLa pr\u00e9valence n\u2019est qu\u2019un \u00e9l\u00e9ment de l\u2019\u00e9volution de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9. Le nombre total d\u2019enfants concern\u00e9s en est un autre et la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Mondiale de l\u2019Ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 (World Obesity Foundation – WOF) a estim\u00e9 que pr\u00e8s de 280 millions d\u2019enfants (de 5 \u00e0 19 ans) seront ob\u00e8ses d\u2019ici 2030. La grande majorit\u00e9 de ces enfants vivront dans des pays \u00e0 faible revenu. D\u2019apr\u00e8s les tendances actuelles, la WOF \u00e9value qu\u2019au moins 25 pays compteront plus d\u2019un million d\u2019enfants ob\u00e8ses en 2030. Parmi eux, seuls la Russie et les \u00c9tats-
\nUnis sont des pays \u00e0 revenu \u00e9lev\u00e9 (Tableau 2).<\/p>\n

Tableau\u00a0<\/strong>2<\/strong> : 25\u00a0pays qui compteront plus d\u20191\u00a0million d\u2019enfants ob\u00e8ses en 2030
\n<\/strong>Source : WOF3<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Pays<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\nNombre d\u2019enfants de 5 \u00e0 19\u00a0ans ob\u00e8ses en 2030<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chine<\/span><\/td>\n37\u00a0887\u00a0009<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Inde<\/span><\/td>\n14\u00a0789\u00a0136<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9tats-Unis d\u2019Am\u00e9rique<\/span><\/td>\n11\u00a0001\u00a0631<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Indon\u00e9sie<\/span><\/td>\n5\u00a0235\u00a0021<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Br\u00e9sil<\/span><\/td>\n4\u00a0517\u00a0818<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9gypte<\/span><\/td>\n4\u00a0175\u00a0486<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mexique<\/span><\/td>\n4\u00a0115\u00a0673<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nigeria<\/span><\/td>\n3\u00a0167\u00a0370<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pakistan<\/span><\/td>\n3\u00a0114\u00a0125<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Afrique du Sud<\/span><\/td>\n2\u00a0770\u00a0984<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Turquie<\/span><\/td>\n2\u00a0062\u00a0925<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bangladesh<\/span><\/td>\n2\u00a0059\u00a0431<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Irak<\/span><\/td>\n2\u00a0037\u00a0743<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Iran<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0944\u00a0425<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Philippines<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0842\u00a0512<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Alg\u00e9rie<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0716\u00a0898<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0402\u00a0330<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Argentine<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0349\u00a0879<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tha\u00eflande<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0325\u00a0799<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Arabie saoudite<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0296\u00a0075<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RD Congo<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0280\u00a0160<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tanzanie<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0167\u00a0477<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Maroc<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0088\u00a0010<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Malaisie<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0085\u00a0876<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vietnam<\/span><\/td>\n1\u00a0045\u00a0658<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tous les pays ont convenu d\u2019un ensemble d\u2019objectifs internationaux pour mettre un terme \u00e0 cette progression rapide de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 (Tableau 3). Ils visent notamment \u00e0 ce que le nombre d\u2019enfants et d\u2019adolescents en surpoids n\u2019augmente pas d\u2019ici 2025 (par rapport \u00e0 2010)4<\/sup>. Les mesures pour inverser cette \u00e9pid\u00e9mie sont au centre des recommandations de l\u2019OMS via sa Commission \u00abMettre fin \u00e0 l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 chez l\u2019enfant\u00bb – Ending Childhood Obesity – 5<\/sup>. Ces mesures comptent \u00e9galement parmi les principaux objectifs de la D\u00e9cennie d\u2019action des Nations unies pour la nutrition6<\/sup>. Si la plupart des pays ne sont pas encore en voie de concr\u00e9tiser ces objectifs pour 2025, nombre d\u2019entre eux s\u2019efforcent d\u2019agir et certains sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 parvenus \u00e0 stabiliser les taux d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 infantile1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Tableau\u00a0<\/strong>3<\/strong>\u00a0: Nombre d\u2019enfants \u00e2g\u00e9s de 5 \u00e0 19\u00a0ans ob\u00e8ses d\u2019apr\u00e8s les projections mondiales
\nSource : WOF3<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Ann\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td>\n2020<\/strong><\/td>\n2025<\/strong><\/td>\n2030<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nombre d\u2019enfants (5-19\u00a0ans) ob\u00e8ses dans le monde<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0158\u00a0M<\/td>\n206\u00a0M<\/td>\n254\u00a0M<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-73504","article_revue","type-article_revue","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"auteur":[{"ID":68099,"post_author":"22","post_date":"2019-07-12 15:12:34","post_date_gmt":"2019-07-12 13:12:34","post_content":"","post_title":"Tim Lobstein","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"tim-lobstein","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2019-07-12 15:12:34","post_modified_gmt":"2019-07-12 13:12:34","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/?post_type=auteur_revue&p=68099","menu_order":0,"post_type":"auteur_revue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"source":"Bas\u00e9 sur : Lobstein T (2015). Prevalence And Trends Across The World. In M.L. Frelut (Ed.), The ECOG\u2019s eBook on Child and Adolescent Obesity. Retrieved fromebook.ecog-obesity.eu","revue":[{"ID":73501,"post_author":"9","post_date":"2020-09-24 21:06:41","post_date_gmt":"2020-09-24 19:06:41","post_content":"","post_title":"202 - Novembre 2019","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"obesite-infantile-le-groupe-europeen-de-lobesite-infantile-publie-un-ebook-gratuit","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-06-29 16:27:08","post_modified_gmt":"2021-06-29 14:27:08","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=revue&p=73501","menu_order":102,"post_type":"revue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"position":"1","references":"

1. Taking Action on Childhood Obesity, World Obesity Federation and World Health Organization, 2018.
\n2. Global Health Observatory interactive database, World Health Organization 2019
\n3. Atlas of Childhood Obesity 2019, World Obesity Federation.
\n4. Resolution 65.6 (2012) and Resolution 66.10 (2013). World Health Assembly.
\n5. Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. World Health Organization 2016.
\n6. Decade of Nutrition 2016-2025. United Nations 2018.<\/p>\n"},"yoast_head":"\nOb\u00e9sit\u00e9 infantile : pr\u00e9valence et tendances dans le monde<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 infantile repr\u00e9sente un des d\u00e9fis majeurs de sant\u00e9 publique mondiale au XXIe si\u00e8cle. 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