Unhealthy dietary patterns associated with inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetes: the EURODIAB study.

Auteur(s) :
Van Bussel BC., Henry RM., Schalkwijk CG., Ferreira IM., Chaturvedi N., Toeller M., Fuller JH., Stehouwer CD., Soedamah-Muthu SS.
Date :
Août, 2013
Source(s) :
Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD., Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis.. #23:8 p758-764
Adresse :
Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands. [email protected]

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BACKGROUND AND AIMS
A healthy diet has been inversely associated with endothelial dysfunction (ED) and low-grade inflammation (LGI). We investigated the association between nutrient consumption and biomarkers of ED and LGI in type 1 diabetes.

METHODS AND RESULTS
We investigated 491 individuals. Nutrient consumption and lifestyle risk factors were measured in 1989 and 1997. Biomarkers of ED (von Willebrand factor, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and soluble endothelial selectin) and LGI (C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor α) were measured in 1997 and averaged into Z-scores. The nutrient residual method was used to adjust individual nutrient intake for energy intake. Data were analysed with generalised estimation equations. We report increments/decrements in nutrient consumption, averaged over time, per +1 standard deviation (SD) of 1997 ED or LGI Z-scores, after adjustment for sex, age, duration of diabetes, investigation centre, body mass index, energy intake, smoking behaviour, alcohol consumption, and each of the other nutrients. One SD elevation in ED Z-score was associated with a diet lower in fibre [β(95%CI);-0.09(-0.18;-0.004)], polyunsaturated fat [-0.18(-0.31;-0.05)] and vegetable protein [-0.10(-0.20;-0.001)]. For the LGI Z-score results showed associations with fibre [-0.09(-0.17;-0.01)], polyunsaturated fat [-0.14(-0.24;-0.03)] and cholesterol [0.10(0.01; 0.18)].

CONCLUSIONS
In type 1 diabetes, consumption of less fibre, polyunsaturated fat and vegetable protein, and more cholesterol over the study period was associated with more ED and LGI. Following dietary guidelines in type 1 diabetes may reduce cardiovascular disease risk by favourably affecting ED and LGI.

Source : Pubmed
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