{"id":84726,"date":"2019-03-26T11:15:02","date_gmt":"2019-03-26T10:15:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fiche-nutritionnelle\/laitue\/"},"modified":"2022-06-29T17:40:43","modified_gmt":"2022-06-29T15:40:43","slug":"laitue","status":"publish","type":"fiche_nutritionnelle","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/nutritional-sheet\/laitue\/","title":{"rendered":"Lettuce"},"featured_media":100226,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"tags":[12654,12576,12575,12643,12572,12573,12574,12642],"class_list":["post-84726","fiche_nutritionnelle","type-fiche_nutritionnelle","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-eau-en","tag-eau","tag-fibres","tag-fibres-en","tag-legume","tag-mineraux","tag-vitamines","tag-vitamines-en"],"acf":{"liste_composants_en_avant":["eau","glucides","fibres","vitamine-k1","provitamine-a-beta-carotene","vitamine-b9"],"image_fond":{"ID":63092,"id":63092,"title":"feuilles de laitue","filename":"fond-laitue.jpg","filesize":146548,"url":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue.jpg","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/fiche-nutritionnelle\/laitue\/attachment\/fond-laitue\/","alt":"fiche nutritionnelle laitue - Aprifel","author":"22","description":"","caption":"","name":"fond-laitue","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":64357,"date":"2019-02-12 15:15:20","modified":"2021-05-24 09:15:20","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","type":"image","subtype":"jpeg","icon":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":1140,"height":380,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue-200x200.jpg","thumbnail-width":200,"thumbnail-height":200,"medium":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue-300x100.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":100,"medium_large":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue-768x256.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":256,"large":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue-1140x380.jpg","large-width":1140,"large-height":380,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue.jpg","1536x1536-width":1140,"1536x1536-height":380,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue.jpg","2048x2048-width":1140,"2048x2048-height":380,"wall":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue-376x380.jpg","wall-width":376,"wall-height":380,"document":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue-200x100.jpg","document-width":200,"document-height":100,"list":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue-160x110.jpg","list-width":160,"list-height":110,"sow-carousel-default":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/fond-laitue-272x182.jpg","sow-carousel-default-width":272,"sow-carousel-default-height":182}},"type_aliment":"Legume","printemps":true,"ete":true,"automne":false,"hiver":false,"nutriscore":"A","description":"<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lettuce (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lactuca sativa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) belongs to the Asteraceae family.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Probably originating from the Mediterranean basin, lettuce was already highly appreciated by the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans six centuries before our era (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quae.com\/produit\/581\/9782759202447\/maladies-des-salades\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blancard, 2003<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>PHYSICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lettuce has a wide range of colours, from green to red, attributed to <\/span><b>chlorophyll<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>carotenoid <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>anthocyanin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pigments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u03b2-carotene <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>lutein <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are generally the major carotenoids in lettuce, but wide variations exist among varieties and types (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infona.pl\/resource\/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-3c8f7d91-0fc8-324c-b09f-3e3606fbdab5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27553517\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neto, 2017<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Red lettuces <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are also reported to be fairly rich in <\/span><b>lutein<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>violaxanthin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>lactucaxanthin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29433225\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike red or red\/green, <\/span><b>green <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lettuces do <\/span><b>not contain cyanidin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(anthocyanin) (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29433225\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When a lettuce is cut, a <\/span><b>browning <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reaction occurs in the cut tissue associated with the appearance of <\/span><b>yellow-brown pigments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This reaction is usually attributed to <\/span><b>the oxidation <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of <\/span><b>polyphenols <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO), but it seems that <\/span><b>sesquiterpene <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">compounds, and more specifically <\/span><b>lettucenins<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, are also involved in this reaction (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24818869\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mai, 2014<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The slightly <\/span><b>bitter taste <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of lettuce is thought to be conferred to <\/span><b>sesquiterpene lactones<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, predominantly 8-deoxylactucin-15-sulfate, while <\/span><b>glucose is <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">thought to be the sugar most strongly correlated with <\/span><b>sweetness perception <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26616925\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chadwick, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>COMPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS (excluding macronutrients, vitamins and minerals)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Pigments <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">present in lettuces have health <\/span><b>benefits <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27553517\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neto, 2017<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">):<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Anthocyanins due to <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">their <\/span><b>antioxidant <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">properties have effects on <\/span><b>hypertension<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>vision disorders<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>microbial infections <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>cancer cell proliferation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Chlorophyll <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has <\/span><b>anticarcinogenic <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>detoxifying <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">effects;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Carotenoids have antioxidant <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">properties and have <\/span><b>protective <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">effects <\/span><b>on the immune system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. They also protect chlorophyll pigments from photo-oxidation under excessive light.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rich in <\/span><b>fibre<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>iron<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>folate <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(vitamin B9), <\/span><b>vitamin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C and <\/span><b>bioactive compounds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, lettuce is said to have <\/span><b>anti-inflammatory<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>cholesterol-lowering and anti-diabetic activities. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among the bioactive compounds, phenolic acids (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid) and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, anthocyanins and luteolin flavones) have been identified (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infona.pl\/resource\/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-3c8f7d91-0fc8-324c-b09f-3e3606fbdab5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The content of bioactive compounds in lettuce varies among cultivars (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infona.pl\/resource\/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-3c8f7d91-0fc8-324c-b09f-3e3606fbdab5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, <\/span><b>phenolic compounds <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are common to lettuce cultivars: caffeic acid derivatives, including chicoric, chlorogenic, caffeoyltartaric and caffeoylmalic acids; and flavonol glycosides, mainly quercetin 3-O-malonylglucoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-39287-y\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gurdon, 2019<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lettuce (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lactuca sativa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) belongs to the Asteraceae family.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Probably originating from the Mediterranean basin, lettuce was already highly appreciated by the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans six centuries before our era (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quae.com\/produit\/581\/9782759202447\/maladies-des-salades\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blancard, 2003<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>PHYSICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lettuce has a wide range of colours, from green to red, attributed to <\/span><b>chlorophyll<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>carotenoid <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>anthocyanin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pigments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u03b2-carotene <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>lutein <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are generally the major carotenoids in lettuce, but wide variations exist among varieties and types (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infona.pl\/resource\/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-3c8f7d91-0fc8-324c-b09f-3e3606fbdab5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27553517\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neto, 2017<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Red lettuces <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are also reported to be fairly rich in <\/span><b>lutein<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>violaxanthin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>lactucaxanthin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29433225\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike red or red\/green, <\/span><b>green <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lettuces do <\/span><b>not contain cyanidin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(anthocyanin) (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29433225\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When a lettuce is cut, a <\/span><b>browning <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reaction occurs in the cut tissue associated with the appearance of <\/span><b>yellow-brown pigments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This reaction is usually attributed to <\/span><b>the oxidation <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of <\/span><b>polyphenols <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO), but it seems that <\/span><b>sesquiterpene <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">compounds, and more specifically <\/span><b>lettucenins<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, are also involved in this reaction (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24818869\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mai, 2014<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The slightly <\/span><b>bitter taste <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of lettuce is thought to be conferred to <\/span><b>sesquiterpene lactones<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, predominantly 8-deoxylactucin-15-sulfate, while <\/span><b>glucose is <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">thought to be the sugar most strongly correlated with <\/span><b>sweetness perception <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26616925\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chadwick, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>COMPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS (excluding macronutrients, vitamins and minerals)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Pigments <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">present in lettuces have health <\/span><b>benefits <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27553517\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neto, 2017<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">):<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Anthocyanins due to <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">their <\/span><b>antioxidant <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">properties have effects on <\/span><b>hypertension<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>vision disorders<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>microbial infections <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>cancer cell proliferation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Chlorophyll <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has <\/span><b>anticarcinogenic <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>detoxifying <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">effects;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Carotenoids have antioxidant <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">properties and have <\/span><b>protective <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">effects <\/span><b>on the immune system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. They also protect chlorophyll pigments from photo-oxidation under excessive light.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rich in <\/span><b>fibre<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>iron<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>folate <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(vitamin B9), <\/span><b>vitamin <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C and <\/span><b>bioactive compounds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, lettuce is said to have <\/span><b>anti-inflammatory<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>cholesterol-lowering and anti-diabetic activities. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among the bioactive compounds, phenolic acids (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid) and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, anthocyanins and luteolin flavones) have been identified (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infona.pl\/resource\/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-3c8f7d91-0fc8-324c-b09f-3e3606fbdab5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The content of bioactive compounds in lettuce varies among cultivars (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infona.pl\/resource\/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-3c8f7d91-0fc8-324c-b09f-3e3606fbdab5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kim, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">However, <b>phenolic compounds <\/b>are common to lettuce cultivars: caffeic acid derivatives, including chicoric, chlorogenic, caffeoyltartaric and caffeoylmalic acids; and flavonol glycosides, mainly quercetin 3-O-malonylglucoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-39287-y\">Gurdon, 2019<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","references":"<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Agence nationale de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sanitaire de l\u2019alimentation, de l\u2019environnement et du travail. Table de composition nutritionnelle des aliments Ciqual 2020. Consult\u00e9e le 14\/09\/2020 depuis le site internet Ciqual https:\/\/ciqual.anses.fr\/<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Agence nationale de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sanitaire de l\u2019alimentation, de l\u2019environnement et du travail. Table de composition nutritionnelle des aliments Ciqual pour le calcul des apports nutritionnels CALNUT 2020. Consult\u00e9e le 14\/09\/2020 depuis le site internet Ciqual https:\/\/ciqual.anses.fr\/<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Blancard D, Lot H &amp; Maisonneuve B. Maladies des salades: identifier, conna\u00eetre, ma\u00eetriser. Editions Quae. 2003<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Chadwick M, Gawthrop F, Michelmore RW, Wagstaff C, Methven L. Perception of bitterness, sweetness and liking of different genotypes of lettuce. Food Chemistry. 2016;197: 66\u201374.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Gurdon C, Poulev A, Armas I, Satorov S, Tsai M, Raskin I. Genetic and Phytochemical Characterization of Lettuce Flavonoid Biosynthesis Mutants. Scientific Reports. 2019;9(1): 1\u201312.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Huo H, Dahal P, Kunusoth K, McCallum CM, Bradford KJ. Expression of 9-cis-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE4 is essential for thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination but not for seed development or stress tolerance. Plant Cell. 2013 Mar;25(3):884-900.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Kim D-E, Shang X, Assefa AD, Keum Y-S, Saini RK. Metabolite profiling of green, green\/red, and red lettuce cultivars: Variation in health beneficial compounds and antioxidant potential. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.). 2018;105: 361\u2013370.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Kim MJ, Moon Y, Tou JC, Mou B, Waterland NL. Nutritional value, bioactive compounds and health benefits of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2016;49: 19\u201334.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Mai F, Glomb MA. Lettucenin sesquiterpenes contribute significantly to the browning of lettuce. J Agric Food Chem. 2014 May 21;62(20):4747-53.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Neto AJS, Moura L de O, Lopes D de C, Carlos L de A, Martins LM, Ferraz L de CL. Non-destructive prediction of pigment content in lettuce based on visible\u2013NIR spectroscopy. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2017;97(7): 2015\u20132022.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Neveu V, Perez-Jim\u00e9nez J, Vos F, Crespy V, du Chaffaut L, Mennen L, Knox C, Eisner R, Cruz J, Wishart D, Scalbert A. (2010) Phenol-Explorer: an online comprehensive database on polyphenol contents in foods. Database, doi: 10.1093\/database\/bap024. Full text (free access)<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">R\u00e8glement (CE) N\u00b0 1924\/2006 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil du 20 d\u00e9cembre 2006 concernant les all\u00e9gations nutritionnelles et de sant\u00e9 portant sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b0432\/2012 de la Commission du 16 mai 2012 \u00e9tablissant une liste des all\u00e9gations de sant\u00e9 autoris\u00e9es portant sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires, autres que celles faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction du risque de maladie ainsi qu\u2019au d\u00e9veloppement et \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 infantiles.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">R\u00e8glement (UE) n\u00b01169\/2011 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil du 25 octobre 2011 concernant l\u2019information des consommateurs sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires, modifiant les r\u00e8glements (CE) n\u00b01924\/2006 et (CE) n\u00b01925\/2006 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et de Conseil et abrogeant la directive 87\/250\/CEE de la Commission, la directive 90\/496\/CEE du Conseil, la directive 1999\/10\/CE de la Commission, la directive 200\/13\/CE du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil, les directives 2002\/67\/CE et 2008\/5\/CE de la Commission et le r\u00e8glement (CE) n\u00b0608\/2004 de la Commission.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","acides_organiques":{"acides_organiques_g":".13","acides_organiques_vnr":"0","acides_organiques_min":"0","acides_organiques_max":"0"},"vitamine_b1":{"vitamine_b1_g":".067","vitamine_b1_vnr":"6.09","vitamine_b1_min":".035","vitamine_b1_max":".083"},"autre_polyphenols":{"autre_polyphenols_g":"0","autre_polyphenols_vnr":"0","autre_polyphenols_min":"0","autre_polyphenols_max":"0"},"liste_articles":false,"elements_rattaches":[{"lien_interne_ou_externe":"non","lien_interne":{"title":"Que nous apportent les fruits et l\u00e9gumes ? ","url":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/dossier\/nutriments-fruit-legumes\/","target":""},"lien_externe_groupe":{"titre":"Salades et petites salades : Guide RHD (Ctifl)","lien":"https:\/\/guiderhd.ctifl.fr\/fiche\/legumes\/salades-et-petites-salades"}},{"lien_interne_ou_externe":"non","lien_interne":null,"lien_externe_groupe":{"titre":"La laitue : production, vari\u00e9t\u00e9s, conservation, recettes (Interfel)","lien":"https:\/\/www.lesfruitsetlegumesfrais.com\/fruits-legumes\/salades\/laitue"}},{"lien_interne_ou_externe":"oui","lien_interne":{"title":"Que nous apportent les fruits et l\u00e9gumes ? ","url":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/dossier\/nutriments-fruit-legumes\/","target":""},"lien_externe_groupe":{"titre":"","lien":""}},{"lien_interne_ou_externe":"oui","lien_interne":{"title":"Les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s de certaines cat\u00e9gories de fruits et l\u00e9gumes : l\u00e9gumes \u00e0 feuilles vertes","url":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/legumes-a-feuilles-vertes\/","target":""},"lien_externe_groupe":{"titre":"","lien":""}}],"modes_cuisson":[{"titre_mode_cuisson":"Raw","composition_analyse_nutritionnelles":"<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The following values are approximate and depend on variety, season, ripeness, cultivation conditions, etc. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raw lettuce <\/span><b>is low in energy*<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. On average it provides <\/span><b>14.70 kcal <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(calories) per 100 g, i.e. <\/span><b>61.70 kJ<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">COMPOSITION TABLES<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For each nutrient, the tables provide information on the content, the minimum and maximum values, as well as the percentage of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/anc-bnm-vnr-definitions\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dietary Reference Values <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(DRVs) for 100 g net of raw lettuce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">* Regulation (EC) No 1924\/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span> concernant les all\u00e9gations nutritionnelles et de sant\u00e9 portant sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires.<\/p>\n","macronutriments":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#macronutrients-values\" aria-controls=\"macronutrients-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#macronutrients-sources\" aria-controls=\"macronutrients-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"macronutrients-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"macronutrients-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on carbohydrates<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raw lettuce contains less <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/les-glucides\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">carbohydrate <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1.33 g per 100 g) than the average amount of this macronutrient found in raw vegetables: about 4.45 g per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Zoom on fibres<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It provides 1.20 g of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/fibres\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fibre <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Zoom on proteins<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/proteines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protein <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">content (1.30 g per 100 g) is lower than the average amount found in raw vegetables (1.87 g per 100 g).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Zoom on lipids<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The amount of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/les-lipides\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fat<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in<\/span> <\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">raw lettuce (0.20 g per 100 g) is lower than the average quantity in raw vegetables (0.56 g per 100 g).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","vitamines":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#vitamins-values\" aria-controls=\"vitamins-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#vitamins-sources\" aria-controls=\"vitamins-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"vitamins-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"vitamins-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on vitamins<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raw lettuce is <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><b>high in<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">vitamin K1<\/span> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">because it provides the equivalent of 16 % of DRVs, i.e. 123 \u00b5g per 100 g;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">vitamin A<\/span> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">because it provides the equivalent of 75.83% of DRVs, i.e. 606.67 \u00b5g per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is also a <\/span><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><b>source of vitamin B9 <\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as it provides the equivalent of 21.75% of DRVs, i.e. 43.50 \u00b5g per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raw lettuce provides a significant amount of <\/span><b>vitamin C<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 11.80 mg per 100 g, equivalent to 14.75% of DRVs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The quantity of other <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/vitamines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vitamins <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">represents less than 7% of DRVs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","mineraux-et-oligo-elements":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#minerals-and-trace-elements-values\" aria-controls=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\" aria-controls=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on minerals and trace elements<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raw lettuce is a <\/span><b><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\">source of manganese<\/span> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">because it provides the equivalent of 20% of DRVs, i.e. 0.40 mg per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It contains a significant amount of <\/span><b>potassium <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as it provides the equivalent of 10% of DRVs, i.e. 200 mg per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">The amount of other <a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/mineraux\/\"><span>minerals <\/span><\/a><span>and trace elements is less than 9% of DRVs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","polyphenols":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#polyphenols-values\" aria-controls=\"polyphenols-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#polyphenols-sources\" aria-controls=\"polyphenols-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"polyphenols-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"polyphenols-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on polyphenols (green lettuce)<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Polyphenols are substances with an antioxidant effect.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Flavonols<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a subgroup of flavonoids, are the polyphenols most present in raw lettuce, representing 48.20% of the total polyphenols identified.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next come <\/span><b>hydroxycinnamic acids <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(subgroup of phenolic acids) representing 46.84% of total polyphenols.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Flavones <\/b>(subgroup of flavonoids) are present in smaller quantities. They represent 4.96% of total polyphenols.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","allegations_nutritionnelles":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the definitions of nutrition claims as set out in Regulation (EC) No 1924\/2006 on nutrition and health claims, and in view of the composition of lettuce, the following claims may be used:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>NUTRITION CLAIMS OF RAW LETTUCE<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Low in energy <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of raw lettuce provide less than 40 kcal)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Fat-free <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of raw lettuce contain less than 0.5 g of fat)<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">High in vitamin K1<\/span>\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of raw lettuce provide more than 30% of DRVs)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">High in vitamin A<\/span>\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of raw lettuce provide more than 30% of DRVs)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><b>Source of vitamin B9 <\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of raw lettuce provide more than 15% of DRVs)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><b>Source of manganese <\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of raw lettuce provide more than 15% of DRVs)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>HEALTH CLAIMS (for a consumption of 100 g of raw lettuce)<\/b><\/h3>\n<h5>Vitamin K1<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vitamin K1 contributes to:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maintenance of normal bones,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal blood clotting.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Vitamin A<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vitamin A has a role in the process of cell specialisation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vitamin A contributes to:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maintenance of normal skin,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maintenance of normal mucous membranes,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maintenance of normal vision,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal iron metabolism,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal function of the immune system.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Folates or vitamin B9<\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Folates contribute to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maternal tissue growth during pregnancy,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal amino acid synthesis,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal blood formation,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal homocysteine metabolism,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal psychological function,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal function of the immune system,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reduction of tiredness and fatigue.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Folates have a role in the process of cell division.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Manganese<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manganese contributes to:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal energy-yielding metabolism,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maintenance of normal bones,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal formation of connective tissues,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protection of cells from oxidative stress.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","energie_kcalories":{"energie_kcalories_quantite":"","energie_kcalories_quantite_source":"","energie_kcalories_quantite_visible":"oui","energie_kcalories_min":"","energie_kcalories_max":"","energie_kcalories_min_max_source":"","energie_kcalories_min_max_visible":"oui"},"energie_kjoule":{"energie_kjoule_quantite":"","energie_kjoule_quantite_source":"","energie_kjoule_quantite_visible":"oui","energie_kjoule_min":"","energie_kjoule_max":"","energie_kjoule_min_max_source":"","energie_kjoule_min_max_visible":"oui"},"eau":{"eau_quantite":"","eau_quantite_source":"","eau_quantite_visible":"oui","eau_min":"","eau_max":"","eau_min_max_source":"","eau_min_max_visible":"oui","eau_vnr_source":"","eau_vnr_visible":"oui"},"proteines":{"proteines_quantite":"","proteines_quantite_source":"","proteines_quantite_visible":"oui","proteines_min":"","proteines_max":"","proteines_min_max_source":"","proteines_min_max_visible":"oui","proteines_vnr_source":"","proteines_vnr_visible":"oui"},"lipides":{"lipides_quantite":"","lipides_quantite_source":"","lipides_quantite_visible":"oui","lipides_min":"","lipides_max":"","lipides_min_max_source":"","lipides_min_max_visible":"oui","lipides_vnr_source":"","lipides_vnr_visible":"oui"},"acides_gras_satures":{"acides_gras_satures_quantite":"","acides_gras_satures_quantite_source":"","acides_gras_satures_quantite_visible":"oui","acides_gras_satures_min":"","acides_gras_satures_max":"","acides_gras_satures_min_max_source":"","acides_gras_satures_min_max_visible":"oui","acides_gras_satures_vnr_source":"","acides_gras_satures_vnr_visible":"oui"},"glucides":{"glucides_quantite":"","glucides_quantite_source":"","glucides_quantite_visible":"oui","glucides_min":"","glucides_max":"","glucides_min_max_source":"","glucides_min_max_visible":"oui","glucides_vnr_source":"","glucides_vnr_visible":"oui"},"sucre":{"sucre_quantite":"","sucre_quantite_source":"","sucre_quantite_visible":"oui","sucre_min":"","sucre_max":"","sucre_min_max_source":"","sucre_min_max_visible":"oui","sucre_vnr_source":"","sucre_vnr_visible":"oui"},"fibres":{"fibres_quantite":"","fibres_quantite_source":"","fibres_quantite_visible":"oui","fibres_min":"","fibres_max":"","fibres_min_max_source":"","fibres_min_max_visible":"oui","fibres_vnr_source":"","fibres_vnr_visible":"oui"},"provitamine_a_beta_carotene":{"provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite_source":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite_visible":"oui","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_max":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min_max_source":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min_max_visible":"oui","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_vnr_source":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_a":{"vitamine_a_quantite":"","vitamine_a_quantite_source":"","vitamine_a_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_a_min":"","vitamine_a_max":"","vitamine_a_min_max_source":"","vitamine_a_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_a_vnr_source":"","vitamine_a_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b1":{"vitamine_b1_quantite":"","vitamine_b1_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b1_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b1_min":"","vitamine_b1_max":"","vitamine_b1_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b1_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b1_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b1_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b2":{"vitamine_b2_quantite":"","vitamine_b2_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b2_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b2_min":"","vitamine_b2_max":"","vitamine_b2_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b2_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b2_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b2_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b3":{"vitamine_b3_quantite":"","vitamine_b3_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b3_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b3_min":"","vitamine_b3_max":"","vitamine_b3_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b3_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b3_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b3_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b5":{"vitamine_b5_quantite":"","vitamine_b5_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b5_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b5_min":"","vitamine_b5_max":"","vitamine_b5_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b5_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b5_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b5_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b6":{"vitamine_b6_quantite":"","vitamine_b6_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b6_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b6_min":"","vitamine_b6_max":"","vitamine_b6_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b6_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b6_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b6_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b9":{"vitamine_b9_quantite":"","vitamine_b9_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b9_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b9_min":"","vitamine_b9_max":"","vitamine_b9_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b9_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b9_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b9_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_c":{"vitamine_c_quantite":"","vitamine_c_quantite_source":"","vitamine_c_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_c_min":"","vitamine_c_max":"","vitamine_c_min_max_source":"","vitamine_c_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_c_vnr_source":"","vitamine_c_vnr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