{"id":81200,"date":"2022-03-14T15:11:28","date_gmt":"2022-03-14T14:11:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=fiche_nutritionnelle&#038;p=81200"},"modified":"2022-07-01T17:49:30","modified_gmt":"2022-07-01T15:49:30","slug":"apple","status":"publish","type":"fiche_nutritionnelle","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/nutritional-sheet\/apple\/","title":{"rendered":"Apple (Golden)"},"featured_media":100310,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"tags":[12643,12647,12648,12640,12642],"class_list":["post-81200","fiche_nutritionnelle","type-fiche_nutritionnelle","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-fibres-en","tag-fruit-en","tag-glucides-en","tag-mineraux-en","tag-vitamines-en"],"acf":{"description":"<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The apple is the fruit of the apple tree, which belongs to the <\/span><b>Rosaceae <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">family<\/span><b>,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> genus <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Malus<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, species <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">domestica Borkh <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23256150\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nieuwenhuizen, 2013<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are over 7,000 varieties of apples (<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/docplayer.fr\/38102163-Incidence-de-traitements-thermiques-sur-le-parenchyme-de-pomme-malus-domestica-et-diffusion-des-composes-phenoliques.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kebe, 2014<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) including the <\/span><b>Golden Delicious apple<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Golden Delicious apple is the ancestor of a significant number of modern apple varieties, such as Arlet, Chanteclerc, Goldsmith or Pink Lady (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24567047\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evans, 2011<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>PHYSICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Golden Delicious apples are yellow because they <\/span><b>contain few anthocyanins <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(maximum 20 mg\/100 g of cyanidin 3-galactoside and less than 1 mg\/100 g of cyanidin 3-arabinoside). In fact, anthocyanins, especially cyanidin 3-galactoside, which accounts for more than 80% of total anthocyanins, are the main <\/span><b>pigments <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that give <\/span><b>red colour <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to apples (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23353125\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liu, 2013<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Golden Delicious apple belongs to the category of <\/span><b>soft and not very crunchy fruits<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, rated as not very robust and citrusy in terms of aroma (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.revuevitiarbohorti.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012_06_f_310.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mehinagic, 2012<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>aroma <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the apple is a key factor in the quality of the fruit. Apples produce more than <\/span><b>300 volatile organic compounds <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">responsible for these aromas (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23256150\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nieuwenhuizen, 2013<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ripe fruit contains mainly <\/span><b>alkyl esters<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which account for 80-98% of total volatile compounds and are characteristic of the <\/span><b>&#8216;fruity&#8217; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">note (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223370218_Changes_in_biosynthesis_of_aroma_volatile_compounds_during_on-tree_maturation_of_'Pink_Lady_R'_apples\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Villatoro, 2008<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), and <\/span><b>alcohols<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which account for 6 to 16% of total volatile compounds.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other volatile compounds, less represented, are aldehydes (main compounds of the unripe fruit), ketones, sesquiterpenes, terpenes and carboxylic acids (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23057586\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ting, 2012<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28115895\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Espino-D\u00edaz, 2016)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>skin<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the apple is the major source of <\/span><b>alkyl esters<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, although the flesh also contains them (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23057586\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ting, 2012<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Golden Delicious apple contains alkyl esters characteristic of a fruity and sweet taste, such as pentyl acetate, hexyl acetate, ethyl butanoate or ethyl-2-methyl butanoate (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01140671.2000.9514136?needAccess=true\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dixon, 2000<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), aldehydes, alcohols and terpenes (linolol) (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01140671.2000.9514136?needAccess=true\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dixon, 2000<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/284591924_Quality_and_Aroma_of_'Golden_Delicious'_apples_at_harvest_and_after_CA_storage_as_influenced_by_pruning_techniques\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thedy, 2005<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23057586\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ting, 2012<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regarding the <\/span><b>organic acids <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">responsible for the <\/span><b>acidity <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of apple, Golden Delicious apple contains about 3.8 g\/kg of malic acid and about 0.3 g\/kg of citric acid (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/221695282_Effect_of_Sample_Preparation_on_the_Measurement_of_Sugars_Organic_Acids_and_Polyphenols_in_Apple_Fruit_by_Mid-infrared_Spectroscopy\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bureau, 2012<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among six cultivars tested (Golden, Granny Smith, Golden Delicious, Jonagold, Fuji, Morgen Dallago and Red Delicious), Golden apple contains the most monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and carbonyl components (volatile compounds) (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23057586\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ting, 2012<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>COMPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS (excluding macronutrients, vitamins and minerals)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apples contain a significant amount of <\/span><b>polyphenols <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from the<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">flavonoid and phenolic acid family.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total polyphenol content correlates with the <\/span><b>antioxidant capacity <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the fruit, but varies from variety to variety (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ifst.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/ijfs.12994\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guo, 2016<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">It should be noted that <b>polyphenol levels decrease <\/b>with apple <b>maturity<\/b>, but the effect of ripening is minimal compared to the effect of variety (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14518950\/\">Guyot, 2003<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","informations":"","modes_cuisson":[{"titre_mode_cuisson":"Raw","composition_analyse_nutritionnelles":"<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The following values are approximate and depend on variety, season, ripeness, cultivation conditions, etc.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Golden Delicious apples (without skin) provide an average of <\/span><b>54.90 calories (kcal) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">per 100 g, i.e. <\/span><b>232 kJ<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">COMPOSITION TABLES<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For each nutrient, the tables provide information on the content, minimum and maximum values, as well as the percentage of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/anc-bnm-vnr-definitions\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dietary Reference Values <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(DRVs) for 100 g net of Golden Delicious apple (without skin).<\/span><\/p>\n","macronutriments":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#macronutrients-values\" aria-controls=\"macronutrients-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#macronutrients-sources\" aria-controls=\"macronutrients-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"macronutrients-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"macronutrients-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on carbohydrates<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/les-glucides\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">carbohydrate<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">content is<\/span> <\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">significant (11.70 g per 100 g). It is slightly higher than the average amount found in fresh fruit (11.31 g per 100 g).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are mainly fructose (6.90 g per 100 g), sucrose (2.80 g per 100 g) and glucose (1.60 g per 100 g).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Zoom on fibres<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Golden Delicious apples (without skin) contain a significant amount of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/fibres\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fibre <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2.50 g per 100 g). This is lower than the average amount found in fresh fruit (2.77 g per 100 g).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Zoom on lipids<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Golden Delicious apples are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/les-lipides\/\"><b>fat-free* <\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as they contain less than 0.5 g of fat per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">* Regulation (EC) No 1924\/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","vitamines":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#vitamins-values\" aria-controls=\"vitamins-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#vitamins-sources\" aria-controls=\"vitamins-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"vitamins-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"vitamins-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on vitamins<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The amount of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/vitamines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vitamins <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">present in Golden Delicious apples (without skin) represents less than 5% of DRVs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">*Calculation made: Beta Carotene \/ 6 + retinol\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","mineraux-et-oligo-elements":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#minerals-and-trace-elements-values\" aria-controls=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\" aria-controls=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on minerals and trace elements<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Golden Delicious apples provide the equivalent of 5.50% of DRVs for potassium, i.e. 110 mg per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The amount of other <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/mineraux\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">minerals <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and trace elements in Golden Delicious apples (without skin) is less than 4% of DRVs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","polyphenols":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#polyphenols-values\" aria-controls=\"polyphenols-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#polyphenols-sources\" aria-controls=\"polyphenols-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"polyphenols-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"polyphenols-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on polyphenols<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Polyphenols are substances with an antioxidant effect.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Flavanols<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a subgroup of flavonoids, are the polyphenols most present in Golden Delicious apples, representing 48.60% of the total polyphenols identified.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next come <\/span><b>hydroxycinnamic acids<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a subgroup of phenolic acids, which account for 45.90% of total polyphenols.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Dihydrochalcones <\/b>and <b>flavonols <\/b>(subgroups of flavonoids) are present in smaller quantities. They represent respectively 3.80% and 1.70% of total polyphenols.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","allegations_nutritionnelles":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the definitions of nutrition claims as presented in Regulation (EC) No 1924\/2006 on nutrition and health claims, and in view of the composition of the Golden Delicious apple, the following claims may be used:<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Nutrition claims of Golden Delicious apples<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Fat-free <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of Golden Delicious apple contain less than 0.5 g of fat)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","energie_kcalories":{"energie_kcalories_quantite":"","energie_kcalories_quantite_source":"","energie_kcalories_quantite_visible":"oui","energie_kcalories_min":"","energie_kcalories_max":"","energie_kcalories_min_max_source":"","energie_kcalories_min_max_visible":"oui"},"energie_kjoule":{"energie_kjoule_quantite":"","energie_kjoule_quantite_source":"","energie_kjoule_quantite_visible":"oui","energie_kjoule_min":"","energie_kjoule_max":"","energie_kjoule_min_max_source":"","energie_kjoule_min_max_visible":"oui"},"eau":{"eau_quantite":"","eau_quantite_source":"","eau_quantite_visible":"oui","eau_min":"","eau_max":"","eau_min_max_source":"","eau_min_max_visible":"oui","eau_vnr_source":"","eau_vnr_visible":"oui"},"proteines":{"proteines_quantite":"","proteines_quantite_source":"","proteines_quantite_visible":"oui","proteines_min":"","proteines_max":"","proteines_min_max_source":"","proteines_min_max_visible":"oui","proteines_vnr_source":"","proteines_vnr_visible":"oui"},"lipides":{"lipides_quantite":"","lipides_quantite_source":"","lipides_quantite_visible":"oui","lipides_min":"","lipides_max":"","lipides_min_max_source":"","lipides_min_max_visible":"oui","lipides_vnr_source":"","lipides_vnr_visible":"oui"},"acides_gras_satures":{"acides_gras_satures_quantite":"","acides_gras_satures_quantite_source":"","acides_gras_satures_quantite_visible":"oui","acides_gras_satures_min":"","acides_gras_satures_max":"","acides_gras_satures_min_max_source":"","acides_gras_satures_min_max_visible":"oui","acides_gras_satures_vnr_source":"","acides_gras_satures_vnr_visible":"oui"},"glucides":{"glucides_quantite":"","glucides_quantite_source":"","glucides_quantite_visible":"oui","glucides_min":"","glucides_max":"","glucides_min_max_source":"","glucides_min_max_visible":"oui","glucides_vnr_source":"","glucides_vnr_visible":"oui"},"sucre":{"sucre_quantite":"","sucre_quantite_source":"","sucre_quantite_visible":"oui","sucre_min":"","sucre_max":"","sucre_min_max_source":"","sucre_min_max_visible":"oui","sucre_vnr_source":"","sucre_vnr_visible":"oui"},"fibres":{"fibres_quantite":"","fibres_quantite_source":"","fibres_quantite_visible":"oui","fibres_min":"","fibres_max":"","fibres_min_max_source":"","fibres_min_max_visible":"oui","fibres_vnr_source":"","fibres_vnr_visible":"oui"},"provitamine_a_beta_carotene":{"provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite_source":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite_visible":"oui","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_max":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min_max_source":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min_max_visible":"oui","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_vnr_source":"","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_a":{"vitamine_a_quantite":"","vitamine_a_quantite_source":"","vitamine_a_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_a_min":"","vitamine_a_max":"","vitamine_a_min_max_source":"","vitamine_a_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_a_vnr_source":"","vitamine_a_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b1":{"vitamine_b1_quantite":"","vitamine_b1_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b1_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b1_min":"","vitamine_b1_max":"","vitamine_b1_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b1_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b1_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b1_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b2":{"vitamine_b2_quantite":"","vitamine_b2_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b2_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b2_min":"","vitamine_b2_max":"","vitamine_b2_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b2_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b2_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b2_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b3":{"vitamine_b3_quantite":"","vitamine_b3_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b3_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b3_min":"","vitamine_b3_max":"","vitamine_b3_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b3_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b3_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b3_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b5":{"vitamine_b5_quantite":"","vitamine_b5_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b5_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b5_min":"","vitamine_b5_max":"","vitamine_b5_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b5_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b5_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b5_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b6":{"vitamine_b6_quantite":"","vitamine_b6_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b6_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b6_min":"","vitamine_b6_max":"","vitamine_b6_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b6_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b6_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b6_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b9":{"vitamine_b9_quantite":"","vitamine_b9_quantite_source":"","vitamine_b9_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b9_min":"","vitamine_b9_max":"","vitamine_b9_min_max_source":"","vitamine_b9_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b9_vnr_source":"","vitamine_b9_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_c":{"vitamine_c_quantite":"","vitamine_c_quantite_source":"","vitamine_c_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_c_min":"","vitamine_c_max":"","vitamine_c_min_max_source":"","vitamine_c_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_c_vnr_source":"","vitamine_c_vnr_visible":"oui"},"v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nationale de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sanitaire de l\u2019alimentation, de l\u2019environnement et du travail. Table de composition nutritionnelle des aliments Ciqual 2020. Consult\u00e9e le 08\/09\/2020 depuis le site internet Ciqual https:\/\/ciqual.anses.fr\/<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bureau S, \u015acibisz I, Le Bourvellec C, Renard CMGC. Effect of Sample Preparation on the Measurement of Sugars, Organic Acids, and Polyphenols in Apple Fruit by Mid-infrared Spectroscopy. <em>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry<\/em>. 2012;60 (14): 3551\u201163.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dixon J, Hewett EW. Hewett. Factors affecting apple aroma\/flavour volatile concentration: A Review. <em>New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science<\/em>. 2000;28 (3): 155\u201173.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Espino-D\u00edaz M, Sep\u00falveda DR, Gonz\u00e1lez-Aguilar G, Olivas GI. Biochemistry of Apple Aroma: A Review. <em>Food Technology and Biotechnology<\/em>. 2016;54 (4): 375\u201197.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Evans KM, Patocchi A, Rezzonico F, Mathis F, Durel CE, Fern\u00e1ndez-Fern\u00e1ndez F, Boudichevskaia A, et al. Genotyping of Pedigreed Apple Breeding Material with a Genome-Covering Set of SSRs: Trueness-to-Type of Cultivars and Their Parentages. <em>Molecular Breeding<\/em>. 2011;28 (4): 535\u201147.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Guo S, Guan L, Cao Y, Li C, Chen J, Li J, Liu G, Li S, Wu B. Diversity of Polyphenols in the Peel of Apple (Malus Sp.) Germplasm from Different Countries of Origin. <em>International Journal of Food Science &amp; Technology<\/em>. 2016;51 (1): 222\u201130.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Guyot S, Marnet N, Sanoner P, Drilleau JF. Variability of the Polyphenolic Composition of Cider Apple (Malus Domestica) Fruits and Juices. <em>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry<\/em>. 2003;51 (21): 6240\u20117.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kebe M.\u00a0Incidence de traitements thermiques sur le parenchyme de Pomme (Malus Domestica) et diffusion des compos\u00e9s ph\u00e9noliques. <em>Th\u00e8se de doctorat en biochimie<\/em>. Avignon: Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Avignon et des pays de Vaucluse. 2014. 256p.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Liu Y, Che F, Wang L, Meng R, Zhang X, Zhao Z. Fruit Coloration and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis after Bag Removal in Non-Red and Red Apples (Malus \u00d7 Domestica Borkh.). <em>Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)<\/em>. 2013;18 (2): 1549\u201163.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mehinagic E, Charles M, Vigneau E, Symoneaux R, Maitre I. Segmentation des consommateurs de pommes selon des crit\u00e8res gustatifs. <em>Revue suisse Viticulture, Arboriculture, Horticulture<\/em>. 2012;44 (6): 360\u20116.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nieuwenhuizen NJ, Green SA, Chen X, Bailleul EJ, Matich AJ, Wang MY, Atkinson RG.\u00a0Functional Genomics Reveals That a Compact Terpene Synthase Gene Family Can Account for Terpene Volatile Production in Apple1[W]. <em>Plant Physiology<\/em>. 2013;161 (2): 787\u2011804.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">R\u00e8glement (CE) N\u00b0 1924\/2006 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil du 20 d\u00e9cembre 2006 concernant les all\u00e9gations nutritionnelles et de sant\u00e9 portant sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b0432\/2012 de la Commission du 16 mai 2012 \u00e9tablissant une liste des all\u00e9gations de sant\u00e9 autoris\u00e9es portant sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires, autres que celles faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction du risque de maladie ainsi qu\u2019au d\u00e9veloppement et \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 infantiles.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">R\u00e8glement (UE) n\u00b01169\/2011 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil du 25 octobre 2011 concernant l\u2019information des consommateurs sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires, modifiant les r\u00e8glements (CE) n\u00b01924\/2006 et (CE) n\u00b01925\/2006 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et de Conseil et abrogeant la directive 87\/250\/CEE de la Commission, la directive 90\/496\/CEE du Conseil, la directive 1999\/10\/CE de la Commission, la directive 200\/13\/CE du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil, les directives 2002\/67\/CE et 2008\/5\/CE de la Commission et le r\u00e8glement (CE) n\u00b0608\/2004 de la Commission.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Thedy L, Pramotton R, Barrel I, Duverney C. Quality and aroma of \u00b4golden delicious\u00b4 apples at harvest and after ca storage as influenced by pruning techniques. <em>Acta Horticulturae<\/em>. 2005;682: 1265\u201170.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ting VJL, Soukoulis C, Silcock P, Cappellin L, Romano A, Aprea E, Bremer PJ, M\u00e4rk TD, Gasperi F, Biasioli F. \u00a0In Vitro and In Vivo Flavor Release from Intact and Fresh-Cut Apple in Relation with Genetic, Textural, and Physicochemical Parameters. <em>Journal of Food Science<\/em>. 2012;77 (11): C1226\u201133.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">VillatoroC, Altisent R, Echeverr\u00eda G, Graell J, L\u00f3pez ML, Lara I. Changes in Biosynthesis of Aroma Volatile Compounds during On-Tree Maturation of \u2018Pink Lady\u00ae\u2019 Apples. <em>Postharvest Biology and Technology<\/em>. 2008;47 (3): 286\u201195.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","elements_rattaches":false,"vitamine_b1":{"vitamine_b1_g":0,"vitamine_b1_vnr":0,"vitamine_b1_min":".007","vitamine_b1_max":".03"}},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.6 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Apple: calories and nutritional composition | Aprifel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With 54 calories (kcal) per 100g, the apple has a significant fiber content. 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