{"id":80900,"date":"2022-03-03T10:49:11","date_gmt":"2022-03-03T09:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=fiche_nutritionnelle&#038;p=80900"},"modified":"2022-06-29T17:30:47","modified_gmt":"2022-06-29T15:30:47","slug":"black-mulberry","status":"publish","type":"fiche_nutritionnelle","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/nutritional-sheet\/black-mulberry\/","title":{"rendered":"Black mulberry"},"featured_media":100248,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"tags":[12643,12647,12648,12640,12642],"class_list":["post-80900","fiche_nutritionnelle","type-fiche_nutritionnelle","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-fibres-en","tag-fruit-en","tag-glucides-en","tag-mineraux-en","tag-vitamines-en"],"acf":{"description":"<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The\u00a0<\/span><b>black mulberry<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Morus nigra L.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) belongs to the\u00a0<\/span><b>Moraceae <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">family.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This\u00a0<\/span><b>bush<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0grows in the subtropics of the Northern Hemisphere, but also in the tropics of the Southern Hemisphere (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0304423807003597\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ercisli, 2008<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The black mulberry, originally from Iran, is cultivated for its fruit in southern Europe and southwest Asia. It is the most prominent species in the Mediterranean countries (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0304423807003597\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ercisli, 2008<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are<\/span><b>\u00a0three main mulberry species<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: black (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Morus nigra<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), red (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Morus rubra<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) and white (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Morus alba<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0304423807003597\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ercisli, 2008<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>PHYSICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most colourful fruits are\u00a0<\/span><b>rich in phenolic compounds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, such as flavonoids, including anthocyanins, and carotenoids (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21121077\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imran, 2010<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Anthocyanins<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutoside, are the pigments responsible for the red-black colour of black mulberries (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24425885\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fazaeli, 2013<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabdirect.org\/cabdirect\/abstract\/20183027455\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Soeroso, 2017<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galactose, arabinose and galacturonic acid are thought to be the\u00a0<\/span><b>sugars<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0present in black mulberries. However, the content of these compounds reportedly varies from fruit to fruit (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30266643\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wang, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ethyl linolenate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0contributes mostly to the<\/span><b>\u00a0unique flavour<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0of black mulberries (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29287440\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zhu, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black mulberries are reported to contain\u00a0<\/span><b>41 volatile compounds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the majority of which are sulphur compounds, 2-(methylthio)-ethanol, methionol, dimethylsulphide, methional and 3-ethylthiophene (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29287440\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zhu, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>COMPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS (excluding macronutrients, vitamins and minerals)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black mulberries are reported to contain<\/span><b>\u00a055 bioactive polyphenols<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including\u00a0<\/span><b>anthocyanins<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0such as procyanidins, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, and pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1756464617306527\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khalifa, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29146371\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Li, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">),\u00a0<\/span><b>flavonols<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u00a0<\/span><b>flavanones<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><b>phenolic acids<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(gallic acid and ellagic acid) (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23979495\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cal\u00edn-S\u00e1nchez, 2013<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1756464617306527\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khalifa, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, polyphenol contents may vary among black mulberry cultivars (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1756464617306527\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khalifa, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High levels of phenolic acids, including chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids, such as quercetin and anthocyanins, give black mulberries\u00a0<\/span><b>antioxidant<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulating, anti-fatigue, neuro-protective, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-thrombotic, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity <\/span><b>properties<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30524657\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">de P\u00e1dua, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1756464617306527\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khalifa, 2018<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Containing significant amounts of flavonoids, polysaccharides and ascorbic acid, black mulberries possess\u00a0<\/span><b>multiple biological activities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, such as hepatoprotective, hypo-lipidemic and anti-apoptotic properties (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27979184\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Han, 2017<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","informations":"","modes_cuisson":[{"titre_mode_cuisson":"Raw","composition_analyse_nutritionnelles":"<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The following values are approximate and depend on variety, season, ripeness, cultivation conditions, etc.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The black mulberry provides on average<\/span><b>\u00a045.10 calories (kcal)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0per 100 g, i.e.\u00a0<\/span><b>190 kJ<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. A portion of black mulberries weighs an average of 140 g, providing an energy intake of 63.14 kcal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">COMPOSITION TABLES<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For each nutrient, the tables provide information on the content, the minimum and maximum values, as well as the percentage of the\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/anc-bnm-vnr-definitions\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dietary Reference Values<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(DRVs) for 100 g net of raw black mulberries.<\/span><\/p>\n","macronutriments":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#macronutrients-values\" aria-controls=\"macronutrients-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#macronutrients-sources\" aria-controls=\"macronutrients-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"macronutrients-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"macronutrients-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(g)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on carbohydrates<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black mulberries contain 8.10 g of\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/les-glucides\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">carbohydrates<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0per 100 g, supplied as sugars.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is below the average amount of this macronutrient in fresh fruit: 11.31 g per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Zoom on fibres<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The amount of\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/les-lipides\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fibre<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0in black mulberries (1.70 g per 100 g) is lower than the average content of\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/les-lipides\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fibre<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0in fresh fruit (2.77 g per 100 g)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Zoom on proteins<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The amount of\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/proteines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protein<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0in black mulberries (1.44 g per 100 g) is higher than the average\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/proteines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protein<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0in fresh fruit (0.93 g per 100 g).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Zoom on lipids<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As for the amount of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fat<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it is lower than average (0.39 g per 100 g vs. 0.56 g per 100 g on average).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","vitamines":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#vitamins-values\" aria-controls=\"vitamins-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#vitamins-sources\" aria-controls=\"vitamins-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"vitamins-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"vitamins-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on vitamins<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black mulberries are\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><b>high in\u00a0<\/b><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/vitamines\/\"><b>vitamin<\/b><\/a><b>\u00a0C<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">\u00a0<\/span>as they provide the equivalent of 45.50% of DRVs, i.e. 36.40 mg per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They provide a significant amount of\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/vitamines\/\"><b>vitamin<\/b><\/a><b>\u00a0K1,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0equivalent to 10.40 % of DRVs, i.e. 7.80 \u00b5g per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black mulberries also provide the equivalent of:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7.25% of DRVs for\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/vitamines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vitamin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0E, i.e. 0.87 mg per 100 g;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7.14% of DRVs for\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/vitamines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vitamin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0B2, i.e. 0.10 mg per 100 g. Moreover, the black mulberry is one of the fruits that contains the most\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/vitamines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vitamin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0B2, according to the data of the Ciqual 2020 table.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The amount of other\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/vitamines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vitamins\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">represents less than 5% of DRVs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">* Calculation made: Beta-Carotene \/ 6 + retinol<\/span><\/p>\n","mineraux-et-oligo-elements":"<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"single-card-tabs\">\n\t<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs visible-xs visible-sm visible-md visible-lg no-bullet\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#minerals-and-trace-elements-values\" aria-controls=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-values\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tValues\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t<li role=\"presentation\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"#minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\" aria-controls=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" class=\"text-decoration-none\">\n\t\t\t\tSources\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-values\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConstituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAverage content\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMin-Max<br\/>per 100g\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t% VNR\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane\" id=\"minerals-and-trace-elements-sources\">\n\t\t<div class=\"table-responsive\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tab_component table\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"40%\">Constituent\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Amount<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">Min-Max<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th width=\"20%\" class=\"text-center\">% VNR<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t.td-src {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfont-size: 12px;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhite-space: normal !important;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h5>Zoom on minerals and trace elements<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black mulberries are\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><b>high in manganese<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">\u00a0<\/span>as they provide the equivalent of 55% of DRVs, i.e. 1.10 mg per 100 g. According to the data of the Ciqual 2020 table, the black mulberry is, together with the blackberry, the fruit that contains the most manganese.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its contribution in\u00a0<\/span><b>iron<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0is notable. It contains 1.85 mg of iron per 100 g, equivalent to 13.21% of DRVs. In fact, the black mulberry is the fruit with the highest iron content, according to the Ciqual 2020 table.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The black mulberry also provides the equivalent of 9.70% of DRVs for potassium, i.e. 194 mg per 100 g.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">The quantity of other\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/fr\/article-dossier\/mineraux\/\"><span>minerals<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0and trace elements represents less than 7% of DRVs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","polyphenols":"","allegations_nutritionnelles":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the definitions of nutrition claims as set out in Regulation (EC) No 1924\/2006 on nutrition and health claims, and in view of the composition of black mulberries, the following claims may be used:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>NUTRITION BENEFITS OF BLACK MULBERRIES<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><b>High in manganese<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">\u00a0<\/span>(100 g of black mulberries provide more than 30% of DRVs).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><b>High in vitamin C\u00a0<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of black mulberries provide more than 30% of DRVs)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Low in fat\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(100 g of black mulberries contain less than 3 g of fat)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>HEALTH CLAIMS (for a consumption of 100 g of black mulberries)<\/b><\/h3>\n<h5>Manganese<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manganese contributes to:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal energy-yielding metabolism,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maintenance of normal bones,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal formation of connective tissues,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protection of cells from oxidative stress.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Vitamin C<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vitamin C contributes to:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal function of the immune system during and after intense physical exercise,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal collagen formation for the normal function of blood vessels,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal collagen formation for the normal function of bones,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal collagen formation for the normal function of cartilage,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal collagen formation for the normal function of gums,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal collagen formation for the normal function of skin,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal collagen formation for the normal function of teeth,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal energy-yielding metabolism,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal functioning of the nervous system,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal psychological function,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">normal function of the immune system,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protection of cells from oxidative stress,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reduction of tiredness and fatigue,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">regeneration of the reduced form of vitamin E.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vitamin C increases iron absorption.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","energie_kcalories":{"energie_kcalories_quantite":"45,10","energie_kcalories_quantite_source":"Calnut 2020","energie_kcalories_quantite_visible":"oui","energie_kcalories_min":"-","energie_kcalories_max":"-","energie_kcalories_min_max_source":"-","energie_kcalories_min_max_visible":"oui"},"energie_kjoule":{"energie_kjoule_quantite":"190","energie_kjoule_quantite_source":"Calnut 2020","energie_kjoule_quantite_visible":"oui","energie_kjoule_min":"-","energie_kjoule_max":"-","energie_kjoule_min_max_source":"-","energie_kjoule_min_max_visible":"oui"},"eau":{"eau_quantite":"87,70","eau_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","eau_quantite_visible":"oui","eau_min":"","eau_max":"","eau_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","eau_min_max_visible":"oui","eau_vnr_source":"-","eau_vnr_visible":"non"},"proteines":{"proteines_quantite":"1,44","proteines_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","proteines_quantite_visible":"oui","proteines_min":"","proteines_max":"","proteines_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","proteines_min_max_visible":"oui","proteines_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","proteines_vnr_visible":"oui"},"lipides":{"lipides_quantite":"0,39","lipides_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","lipides_quantite_visible":"oui","lipides_min":"-","lipides_max":"-","lipides_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","lipides_min_max_visible":"oui","lipides_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","lipides_vnr_visible":"oui"},"acides_gras_satures":{"acides_gras_satures_quantite":"0,027","acides_gras_satures_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","acides_gras_satures_quantite_visible":"oui","acides_gras_satures_min":"-","acides_gras_satures_max":"-","acides_gras_satures_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","acides_gras_satures_min_max_visible":"oui","acides_gras_satures_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","acides_gras_satures_vnr_visible":"oui"},"glucides":{"glucides_quantite":"8,10","glucides_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","glucides_quantite_visible":"oui","glucides_min":"-","glucides_max":"-","glucides_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","glucides_min_max_visible":"oui","glucides_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","glucides_vnr_visible":"oui"},"sucre":{"sucre_quantite":"8,10","sucre_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","sucre_quantite_visible":"oui","sucre_min":"-","sucre_max":"-","sucre_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","sucre_min_max_visible":"oui","sucre_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","sucre_vnr_visible":"oui"},"fibres":{"fibres_quantite":"1,70","fibres_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","fibres_quantite_visible":"oui","fibres_min":"-","fibres_max":"-","fibres_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","fibres_min_max_visible":"oui","fibres_vnr_source":"-","fibres_vnr_visible":"non"},"provitamine_a_beta_carotene":{"provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite":"9","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_quantite_visible":"oui","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min":"-","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_max":"-","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_min_max_visible":"oui","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_vnr_source":"-","provitamine_a_beta_carotene_vnr_visible":"non"},"vitamine_a":{"vitamine_a_quantite":"1,50","vitamine_a_quantite_source":"Calcul \u00e0 partir de la valeur Provitamine A B\u00e9ta-carot\u00e8ne*","vitamine_a_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_a_min":"-","vitamine_a_max":"-","vitamine_a_min_max_source":"Calcul \u00e0 partir de la valeur Provitamine A B\u00e9ta-carot\u00e8ne*","vitamine_a_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_a_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_a_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b1":{"vitamine_b1_quantite":"0,029","vitamine_b1_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b1_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b1_min":"-","vitamine_b1_max":"-","vitamine_b1_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b1_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b1_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_b1_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b2":{"vitamine_b2_quantite":"0,10","vitamine_b2_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b2_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b2_min":"-","vitamine_b2_max":"-","vitamine_b2_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b2_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b2_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_b2_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b3":{"vitamine_b3_quantite":"0,62","vitamine_b3_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b3_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b3_min":"-","vitamine_b3_max":"-","vitamine_b3_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b3_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b3_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_b3_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b5":{"vitamine_b5_quantite":"0.26","vitamine_b5_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b5_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b5_min":"-","vitamine_b5_max":"-","vitamine_b5_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b5_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b5_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_b5_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b6":{"vitamine_b6_quantite":"0,05","vitamine_b6_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b6_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b6_min":"-","vitamine_b6_max":"-","vitamine_b6_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b6_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b6_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_b6_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_b9":{"vitamine_b9_quantite":"6","vitamine_b9_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b9_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_b9_min":"-","vitamine_b9_max":"-","vitamine_b9_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_b9_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_b9_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_b9_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_c":{"vitamine_c_quantite":"36,40","vitamine_c_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_c_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_c_min":"-","vitamine_c_max":"-","vitamine_c_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_c_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_c_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_c_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_e":{"vitamine_e_quantite":"0,87","vitamine_e_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_e_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_e_min":"-","vitamine_e_max":"-","vitamine_e_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_e_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_e_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_e_vnr_visible":"oui"},"vitamine_k1":{"vitamine_k1_quantite":"7,80","vitamine_k1_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_k1_quantite_visible":"oui","vitamine_k1_min":"-","vitamine_k1_max":"-","vitamine_k1_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","vitamine_k1_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","vitamine_k1_min_max_visible":"oui","vitamine_k1_vnr_visible":"oui"},"fer":{"fer_quantite":"1,85","fer_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","fer_quantite_visible":"oui","fer_min":"-","fer_max":"-","fer_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","fer_min_max_visible":"oui","fer_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","fer_vnr_visible":"oui"},"calcium":{"calcium_quantite":"39","calcium_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","calcium_quantite_visible":"oui","calcium_min":"-","calcium_max":"-","calcium_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","calcium_min_max_visible":"oui","calcium_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","calcium_vnr_visible":"oui"},"cuivre":{"cuivre_quantite":"0,06","cuivre_quantite_source":"Ciqual 2020","cuivre_quantite_visible":"oui","cuivre_min":"-","cuivre_max":"-","cuivre_min_max_source":"Ciqual 2020","cuivre_min_max_visible":"oui","cuivre_vnr_source":"R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b01169\/2011 du parlement Europ\u00e9en et du conseil du 25 octobre 2011","cuivre_vnr_visible":"oui"},"iode":{"iode_quantite":"0,40","iode_quantite_source":"Ciqual 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style=\"text-align: left;\">Agence nationale de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sanitaire de l\u2019alimentation, de l\u2019environnement et du travail. Table de composition nutritionnelle des aliments Ciqual 2020. Consult\u00e9e le 17\/08\/2020 depuis le site internet Ciqual <a href=\"https:\/\/ciqual.anses.fr\/\">https:\/\/ciqual.anses.fr\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Agence nationale de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sanitaire de l\u2019alimentation, de l\u2019environnement et du travail. Table de composition nutritionnelle des aliments Ciqual pour le calcul des apports nutritionnels CALNUT 2020. Consult\u00e9e le 22\/09\/2020 depuis le site internet Ciqual https:\/\/ciqual.anses.fr\/<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Cal\u00edn-S\u00e1nchez A, Mart\u00ednez-Nicol\u00e1s JJ, Munera-Picazo S, Carbonell-Barrachina AA, Legua P, Hern\u00e1ndez F. Bioactive compounds and sensory quality of black and white mulberries grown in Spain. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2013; 68(4):370-7.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">de P\u00e1dua L\u00facio K, Rabelo ACS, Ara\u00fajo CM, Brand\u00e3o GC, de Souza GHB, da Silva RG, et al. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) in a Model of LPS-Induced Sepsis. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity.2018: 5048031.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Ercisli S, Orhan E. Some physico-chemical characteristics of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) genotypes from Northeast Anatolia region of Turkey. Sci Hortic. 2008; 116:41\u20136.<\/li>\n<li>Fazaeli M, Hojjatpanah G, Emam-Djomeh Z. Effets de la m\u00e9thode de chauffage et des conditions sur le taux d\u2019\u00e9vaporation et les attributs de qualit\u00e9 du concentr\u00e9 de jus de m\u00fbrier noir (Morus nigra). J Food Sci Technol. 2013 F\u00e9v;50(1):35-43. doi: 10.1007\/s13197-011-0246-y. Epub 2011 5 mars. PMID: 24425885; PMCID: PMC3550951.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Han Q, Gao H, Chen H, Fang X, Wu W. Precooling and ozone treatments affects postharvest quality of black mulberry (Morus nigra) fruits. Food Chemistry. 2017;221: 1947\u201353.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Imran M, Khan H, Shah M, Khan R, Khan F. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of certain Morus species. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2010;11(12):973-80.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Khalifa I, Zhu W, Li K, Li C. Polyphenols of mulberry fruits as multifaceted compounds: Compositions, metabolism, health benefits, and stability\u2014A structural review. Journal of Functional Foods. 2018;40: 28\u201343.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Li Y, Bao T, Chen W. Comparison of the protective effect of black and white mulberry against ethyl carbamate-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damage. Food Chemistry. 2018;243: 65\u201373.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">R\u00e8glement (CE) N\u00b0 1924\/2006 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil du 20 d\u00e9cembre 2006 concernant les all\u00e9gations nutritionnelles et de sant\u00e9 portant sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">R\u00e8glement (UE) N\u00b0432\/2012 de la Commission du 16 mai 2012 \u00e9tablissant une liste des all\u00e9gations de sant\u00e9 autoris\u00e9es portant sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires, autres que celles faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction du risque de maladie ainsi qu\u2019au d\u00e9veloppement et \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 infantiles.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">R\u00e8glement (UE) n\u00b01169\/2011 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil du 25 octobre 2011 concernant l\u2019information des consommateurs sur les denr\u00e9es alimentaires, modifiant les r\u00e8glements (CE) n\u00b01924\/2006 et (CE) n\u00b01925\/2006 du Parlement europ\u00e9en et de Conseil et abrogeant la directive 87\/250\/CEE de la Commission, la directive 90\/496\/CEE du Conseil, la directive 1999\/10\/CE de la Commission, la directive 200\/13\/CE du Parlement europ\u00e9en et du Conseil, les directives 2002\/67\/CE et 2008\/5\/CE de la Commission et le r\u00e8glement (CE) n\u00b0608\/2004 de la Commission.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Soeroso EG, Lestario LN, Martono Y. Sugar addition can increase color stability of anthocyanin extract of black mulberry fruit towards fluorescent light. Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan. 2017;28(1): 62\u20139.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Wang W, Li X, Bao X, Gao L, Tao Y. Extraction of polysaccharides from black mulberry fruit and their effect on enhancing antioxidant activity. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2018;120: 1420\u201329.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Zhu J, Wang L, Xiao Z, Niu Y. Characterization of the key aroma compounds in mulberry fruits by application of gas chromatography\u2013olfactometry (GC-O), odor activity value (OAV), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC\u2013MS) and flame photometric detection (FPD). Food Chemistry. 2018;245: 775\u201385.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","elements_rattaches":false,"vitamine_b1":{"vitamine_b1_g":0,"vitamine_b1_vnr":0,"vitamine_b1_min":"0","vitamine_b1_max":"0"}},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.6 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Black mulberry: Calories &amp; Nutritional Composition | Aprifel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With 45 calories (kcal) per 100g, black mulberry is rich in manganese and vitamin C. 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