{"id":94428,"date":"2023-08-23T12:18:14","date_gmt":"2023-08-23T10:18:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=article_revue&#038;p=94428"},"modified":"2023-08-23T15:25:19","modified_gmt":"2023-08-23T13:25:19","slug":"there-is-a-positive-association-between-parents-high-level-of-education-and-childrens-consumption-of-fruit-and-vegetables","status":"publish","type":"article_revue","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/global-fv-newsletter-article\/there-is-a-positive-association-between-parents-high-level-of-education-and-childrens-consumption-of-fruit-and-vegetables\/","title":{"rendered":"There is a positive association between parents&#8217; high level of education and children&#8217;s consumption of fruit and vegetables"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Art-3-GFVN-ete-2023.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-94432\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Understanding how socioeconomic status is linked to children\u2019s diets is important for tackling inequalities in dietary intake. As home food environment is linked to <strong>socioeconomic status<\/strong><\/strong> <strong>and children\u2019s diet, it is important to study both its social aspects (such as parental role modeling) and its physical aspects (such as food availability). This study shows that the positive association between high parental educational level and children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption is partially mediated by parental role modeling, higher availability of fruit and vegetables and lower availability of sugary food and drink. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acording to <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/259349\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2017 WHO report<\/a>, adequate <strong>consumption of fruits and vegetables is considered<\/strong> <strong>a key component of a healthy diet<\/strong>. As the positive influence of higher family socioeconomic status on children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption is well-documented (<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rashid et al., 2018<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/cdnsciencepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1139\/h10-002\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tarasuk<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2010<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35198723\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Boelens<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2022<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32368858\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Quezada-S\u00e1nchez<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2020<\/a>), this study (<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-023-15879-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Serasinghe et al, 2023<\/a>) had two aims:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The first was to determine the <strong>associations between both parental educational level and relative family income and the fruit and vegetables consumption<\/strong> of preschool children in Finland.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The second was to explore the <strong>mediation roles <\/strong>(see below) <strong>of the availability of fruit and vegetables and sugary food and drink<\/strong> <strong>and of parental role-modeling<\/strong>.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Parental educational level is positively associated with children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Relative family income was not directly associated with children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption<\/strong> ; same findings were shown in cross-sectional analyses with similar or compatible variables conducted in Finland, Australia, and the United Kingdom (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28511721\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Manyanga, 2017<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19161648\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ambrosini<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> et al.<\/a>, 2009<\/a>). Finland is a country with <a href=\"https:\/\/fes.de\/unequal-finland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">less income disparities in society<\/a>, despite the different educational levels of the population. This can be one reason why family income did not predict children\u2019s consumption of fruit and vegetables like parental educational level did.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Parental educational level is a stronger predictor of children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption than relative family income in Finland.<\/strong> Several studies focusing on adults have identified <strong>education as a stronger socioeconomic status indicator<\/strong> predicting food behaviors, including fruit and vegetables consumption, <strong>than other socioeconomic status indicators<\/strong> such as income and profession (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11002383\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">de Irala-Est\u00e9vez <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2000<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11641744\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Groth <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2001<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17522606\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Roos <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2007<\/a>). High-educated people are generally considered more knowledgeable than less-educated people (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10751375\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Parmenter <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2000<\/a>). Therefore, <strong>knowledge of a healthy diet may be more important for increased fruit and vegetables consumption than income<\/strong>. Indeed, income does not always reflect expenditure on food: even families with higher incomes might struggle to prioritize a healthy diet and adequate nutrition due to other expenditures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Parental role modeling is a mediator of the association between parental educational level and children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Parental role-modeling of fruit and vegetables consumption appeared to be a mediator of the associations between the two exposures<\/strong> (parental educational level and relative family income) and fruit and vegetables consumption in different stages of childhood. <strong>Many studies have identified parental role-modeling as a mediator <\/strong>of the association between parental educational level and children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23560743\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lioret <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2015<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22094182\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rodenburg <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2012<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25212228\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">van Ansem <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2014<\/a>). In addition, a systematic review has concluded that <strong>parental role-modeling is a consistent mediator of socioeconomic inequalities in children\u2019s food consumption during youth<\/strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32162413\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mekonnen <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2020<\/a>). However, none of the above-mentioned studies focused solely on preschool-aged children. Therefore, this study provides evidence to support the <strong>consistency <\/strong>of the mediation role of parental role-modeling throughout childhood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Increasing availability of fruit and vegetables at home must be considered alongside the reduction in the availability of sweet products<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This study identified the <strong>availability of fruit and vegetables as a mediator of the associations between socioeconomic status indicators and fruit and vegetables consumption<\/strong>. Several studies of adolescents (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18927442\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ball <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2009<\/a>) and 11-year-old children (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25212228\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">van Ansem <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2014<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24476635\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lehto <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2015<\/a>) have also found comparable evidence. Moreover, a systematic review concluded that fruit and vegetables availability has a consistent mediation role in the socioeconomic inequalities of fruit and vegetables consumption during youth (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32162413\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mekonnen <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2020<\/a>).<br><strong>Availability of sugary food and drink<\/strong>s showed a <strong>negative mediation effect<\/strong> o<strong>n the association between parental educational level and children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption<\/strong>. In addition, a very recent multivariate analysis concluded that <strong>reducing the availability of unhealthy food at home, including sugary food and drinks, more effectively improves healthy dietary behaviors<\/strong> among school-aged children than increasing the availability of fruit and vegetables (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34371913\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pereira <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-017-5014-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">et al.<\/a>, 2021<\/a>). A possible explanation for this could be that higher availability of sugary food and drink leads to a higher intake of sugary food and drinks during and in between main meals, replacing the amount of fruit and vegetables consumed during main meals. On the other hand, low availability of sugary food and drink could simply be a better indicator of a greater preference for fruit and vegetables consumption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Based on<\/strong>: Serasinghe, N. et al. Associations between socioeconomic status, home food availability, parental role-modeling, and children\u2019s fruit and vegetable consumption: a mediation analysis. BMC Public Health 23, 1037 (2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__about\">\n    <strong class=\"block__about__title\">The concept of mediation<\/strong>\n    <div class=\"block__about__content\"><p>The concept of \u201cmediation\u201d can be defined as the transference of the effect of an independent\/ predictor variable on a dependent\/ outcome variable through a third variable called a mediator variable (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/3806354\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Baron, 1986<\/a>). Mediation analysis can be used to study intermediate variables, such as social or physical home food environments, which may act between the independent (socioeconomic status) and outcome (diet) variables (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24991183\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Gunzler, 2013<\/a>). Previous mediation studies of children\u2019s diets have largely focused on psychosocial variables, such as parents\u2019 self-efficacy, attitudes, and knowledge (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26381609\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wyse, 2015<\/a>) and a limited number of studies have assessed the mediation roles of the home food environment. In addition, most previous mediation studies have focused on older children.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__stylized-list\">\n    <div class=\"block__stylized-list__leading\" id=\"block__stylized-list__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-pen-to-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Methodology<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div id=\"block__stylized-list__content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ul>\n<li>Participants: 728 children aged 3-6 years old (preschooled) in 2 municipalities in Southern Finland<\/li>\n<li>Parental questionnaires (completed by the parents) :<br \/>\n&#8211; Educational level and relative family income<br \/>\n&#8211; Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ)<br \/>\n&#8211; Potential mediators: food availability \/ parental role-modeling<\/li>\n<li>Statistical analyses conducted with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).\t<\/li>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__solid-colored\">\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-square-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Key messages <\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__content\"><ul>\n<li>Parental educational level is a stronger predictor of children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption than relative family income in Finland<\/li>\n<li>Parental role modeling has been identified as a mediator of the association between parental educational level and children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption<\/li>\n<li>Reducing the avaibility of unhealthy food at home improves healthy dietary behaviors among school-aged children<\/li>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__reference\">\n    <div class=\"block__reference__leading\" id=\"block__reference__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share-from-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>References<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__reference__entries\" id=\"block__reference__entries\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Rashid V, et al. Ethnicity and socioeconomic status are related to dietary patterns at age 5 in the Amsterdam born children and their development (ABCD) cohort. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):1\u201310. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Tarasuk V et al. Nutrition inequities in Canada. Applied Physi\u00acology. Nutr Metabolism. 2010;35(2):172\u20139. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Boelens M et al. Associations of socioeconomic status indicators and migrant status with risk of a low vegetable and fruit consumption in children. SSM Popul Health. 2022;17:2352\u20138273. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Quezada-S\u00e1nchez AD et al. Socioeconomic char\u00acacteristics of mothers and their relationship with dietary diversity and food group consumption of their children. Nutr Dietetics. 2020;77(4):467\u201376.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Baron RM et al. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in Social Psychological Research: conceptual, Strategic, and statistical considerations. J Personal Soc Psychol. 1986;51(6):1173\u201382. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Gunzler D et al. Introduction to mediation analysis with structural equation modeling. Shanghai Arch Psychiatry. 2013;25(6):390\u20134. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Wyse R et al. Characteristics of the home food environ\u00acment that mediate immediate and sustained increases in child fruit and vegetable consumption: mediation analysis from the healthy Habits cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Activity. 2015;12(1):1\u20139<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Manyanga T et al. Socioeconomic status and dietary patterns in children from around the world: different associations by levels of country human development? BMC Public Health. 2017;17:457. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Ambrosini GL et al. Adolescent dietary patterns are associated with lifestyle and family psycho-social factors. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(10):1807\u201315. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>de Irala-Est\u00e9vez J et al. A systematic review of socio-economic differences in food habits in Europe: consumption of fruit and vegetables. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000;54(9):706\u201314. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Groth M. et al. Social determinants of dietary habits in Den\u00acmark. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001;55(11):959\u201366. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>&#8211;\tRoos E et al. Trends of socioeconomic differences in daily vegetable consumption, 1979\u20132002. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007;62(7):823\u201333. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Parmenter K et al. Demographic variation in nutrition knowl\u00acedge in England. Health Educ Res. 2000;15(2):163\u201374.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Lioret S et al. Association between maternal education and diet of children at 9 months is partially explained by mothers\u2019 diet. Maternal and Child Nutrition. 2015;11(4):936\u201347. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Rodenburg G, Oenema A, Kremers SPJ, van de Mheen D. Parental and child fruit consumption in the context of general parenting, parental education and ethnic background. Appetite. 2012;58(1):364\u201372. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>van Ansem WJC et al. Maternal educational level and children\u2019s healthy eating behaviour: role of the home food environment (cross-sectional results from the INPACT study). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Activity. 2014;11(1):1\u201312.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Mekonnen T et al. Mediators of socioeconomic inequalities in dietary behaviours among youth: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2020;21(7).<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Ball K et al. Can social cognitive theory constructs explain socio-economic variations in adolescent eating behaviours? A mediation analysis. Health Educ Res. 2009;24(3):496\u2013506.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Lehto E et al. Mediation of parental educational level on fruit and vegetable intake among schoolchildren in ten european countries. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(1):89\u201399. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Pereira B et al. More than buying Extra Fruits and Veggies, please hide the Fats and Sugars\u201d: children\u2019s Diet Latent Profiles and Family-Related factors. Nutrients. 2021;13(7):2403. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-94428","article_revue","type-article_revue","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"auteur":"","source":"","revue":[{"ID":94237,"post_author":"25","post_date":"2023-08-23 12:11:05","post_date_gmt":"2023-08-23 10:11:05","post_content":"<!-- wp:image {\"id\":94275,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Edito-ok.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-94275\"\/><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>While the <strong>health benefits of fruit and vegetables<\/strong> are <strong>well-known for children<\/strong>, their <strong>intake <\/strong>remains <strong>insufficient <\/strong>among this population. A growing number of interventions are designed to promote their intake as this <strong>stage of life may be an optimal time for dietary interventions<\/strong>. Numerous reviews and scientific studies assessed the impact of those interventions and initiatives on children in various settings.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The Global Fruit and Veg Newsletter of this month presents three articles <strong>to determine interventions and initiatives that could effectively increase fruit and vegetable consumption in children<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The first review has examined which <strong>strategies <\/strong>have shown a <strong>positive impact on fruit and vegetables intake<\/strong> and <strong>nutrition knowledge<\/strong> in <strong>children <\/strong>aged between <strong>4-12 years old<\/strong>. According to this work, <strong>providing fruit and vegetables in school is the most effective strategy<\/strong> <strong>to increase fruit intake<\/strong> in children, whereas <strong>online games<\/strong> and <strong>activities (for example, challenges to eat more fruit and vegetables, virtual cooking sessions...) could increase vegetable intake<\/strong>. Yet, this review confirms a generally observed result : implementing <strong>multiple interventions simultaneously<\/strong> is <strong>more effective<\/strong> than individual strategies alone.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The second review systematically identified published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating <strong>childcare- or preschool-based interventions<\/strong> <strong>designed to increase objectively measured intake of fruit<\/strong>, <strong>vegetables<\/strong>, or <strong>both <\/strong>in <strong>US preschool children<\/strong> (aged 2-5 years). The <strong>most consistent evidence <\/strong>observed is that<strong> inclusion of nutrition education components, if interactive, was consistently effective at improving fruit and vegetables intake<\/strong>, while <strong>manipulating the feeding environment without directly educating children<\/strong>, produced <strong>inconsistent results<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The third article determined the <strong>associations between family socio-economic status<\/strong> and <strong>children\u2019s<\/strong> <strong>fruit and vegetables consumption<\/strong> wether it was mediated by parental role-modeling and food availability. The results showed that <strong>parental educational level<\/strong> is a <strong>stronger predictor of children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption<\/strong> than relative family income in Finland. This <strong>association <\/strong>was <strong>mediated <\/strong>by <strong>parental role modelling<\/strong>, <strong>higher availability of fruit and vegetables<\/strong> and <strong>lower availability of sugary food and drink<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>These three articles show that there is a <strong>wide range of interventions<\/strong> proposed<strong> to promote fruit and vegetables among children<\/strong>, the <strong>effectiveness <\/strong>of which <strong>varies <\/strong>according to <strong>several factors<\/strong>, including age group, food environment and parental feeding practices. They emphasize that <strong>there is no single approach<\/strong> to ahcieve higher F&amp;V but rather several strategies which shouldbe adapted to local situations.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/pictureable {\"name\":\"acf\/pictureable\",\"data\":{\"authors_0_fully_name\":\"Sophie Nicklaus\",\"_authors_0_fully_name\":\"field_pictureable_author_fully_name\",\"authors_0_profession\":\"Director of Research\",\"_authors_0_profession\":\"field_pictureable_author_profession\",\"authors_0_information\":\"National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), France\",\"_authors_0_information\":\"field_pictureable_author_information\",\"authors_0_picture\":94238,\"_authors_0_picture\":\"field_pictureable_author_picture\",\"authors\":1,\"_authors\":\"field_pictureable_authors\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/about {\"name\":\"acf\/about\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"About the author\",\"_title\":\"field_about_title\",\"content\":\"Sophie Nicklaus is Director of Research 1st class at INRAE, at the Centre for Taste and Feeding behavior (Centre des Sciences du Go\u00fbt et de l\u2019Alimentation) in Dijon, France. Since 2017, she has been leading the team \u201cDeterminants of eating behaviour across the life course, relationships with health\u201d at this center. She is particularly interested in the impact of early food experiences on later eating behaviour and their contribution to health. She has published over 110 original articles and 21 reviews in international peer-reviewed journals; 22 book chapters; 1 edited book and a book for the public on these topics. She is currently collaborating with public health authorities in France to develop and evaluate updated recommendations on infant feeding. \",\"_content\":\"field_about_content\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->","post_title":"Effective interventions to increase fruit and vegetables consumption in children","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"effective-interventions-to-increase-fruit-and-vegetables-consumption-in-children","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-10-24 17:28:20","post_modified_gmt":"2024-10-24 15:28:20","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=revue&#038;p=94237","menu_order":30,"post_type":"revue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"position":"3","references":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.6 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Parents&#039; level of education influences fruit and vegetables consumption in children<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A positive association between high parental educational level and children\u2019s fruit and vegetables consumption has been observed in Finland. 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