{"id":87518,"date":"2022-11-29T11:52:23","date_gmt":"2022-11-29T10:52:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=article_revue&#038;p=87518"},"modified":"2023-03-23T14:31:38","modified_gmt":"2023-03-23T13:31:38","slug":"nutritional-quality-and-degree-of-processinf-of-children-s-food","status":"publish","type":"article_revue","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/global-fv-newsletter-article\/nutritional-quality-and-degree-of-processinf-of-children-s-food\/","title":{"rendered":"Nutritional quality and degree of processing of children\u2019s foods assessment on the French market: focus on sweet products and fruit or fruit-based products"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/article-3-ok.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-87522\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__unpictureable\">\n    <strong class=\"block__unpictureable__title\">Author<\/strong>\n    <div class=\"block__unpictureable__items\">\n                    <div class=\"block__unpictureable__item\">\n                <strong>C\u00e9line Richonnet<\/strong>\n                <span>Club Europ\u00e9en des Di\u00e9t\u00e9ticiens de l\u2019Enfance (CEDE), Belgique<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In France, 34% of children aged 2 to 7 are overweight or obese according to IOTF definition <a href=\"https:\/\/liguecontrelobesite.org\/actualite\/forte-progression-de-lobesite-en-france-en-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(League against obesity, 2020)<\/a>. Among the various factors behind overweight, obesity and diet-related diseases, the negative impact of advertising and marketing of foods high in saturated fat, sugars and salt (HFSS) and ultra-processed foods has been shown, particularly in children (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26791177\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Boyland 2016,<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27427474\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sadeghirad 2016<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32085821\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Clark 2020,<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33808388\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Elias 2021<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0003\/384015\/food-marketing-kids-eng.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">WHO 2018)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marketing contents targeting children (drawings, mascots, etc.) influence children\u2019s food choices, preferences and consumption (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25463610\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Elliott 2008<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22133361\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Boyland 2012<\/a>) as well as their perception of products (<a href=\"https:\/\/tel.archives-ouvertes.fr\/tel-01731128\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mzoughi 2017<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26191012\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Enax 2015<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Several studies have assessed the nutritional quality of foods intended for children in different countries, concluding that they are mainly composed of foods HFSS and ultra-processed (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23639698\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lythgoe 2013<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/adc.bmj.com\/content\/104\/6\/541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Garcia 2019,<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/1747-0080.12231\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Meloncelli 2016<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This study analyses products intended children over 3 years of age (foods and drinks with marketing elements on the packaging) available on the French market, by assessing their nutritional quality using the Nutri-Score as indicator, compliance with the expected nutritional profile for the child according to the criteria of the WHO Europe Nutrient Profile Model, and the level of processing as defined by the NOVA classification. This article will focus on sweet products, looking at whether fruit and fruit-based products are highlighted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-majority-of-sugary-products-found-on-products-targeting-children\">A majority of sugary products found on products targeting children<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Almost a quarter of the products in the sample have a sweetener as the first ingredient and a very large majority of products (89.5%) contain free sugars according to the WHO definition (2015). These foods are mainly intended for afternoon snacks and breakfast and can contribute to the excessive intake of total sugars (except lactose and galactose) observed by ANSES from INCA2 . Indeed, 75% of 4\u20137-year-olds and 60% of 8\u201312-year-olds exceed the recommended thresholds (ANSES, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-less-than-1-4-of-products-intended-for-children-bear-the-nutri-score-logo\">Less than 1\/4 of products intended for children bear the Nutri-Score logo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>After almost 3 years of implementation, in the sample of products intended for children, only 20.8% of the references identified bear the Nutri-Score logo. Carriers or not, most of children&#8217;s products in the sample are Nutri-Score D and E (58.7%) &#8211; this figure rises to 62.1% among the sampled foods and beverages containing free and\/or added sugars, with a lower proportion of Nutri-Score A -, with a majority proportion of D products (39.3%), even though the National Health Nutrition Program 2019 -2023 recommends using the Nutri-Score indicator to choose foods to encourage, and to reduce the consumption of Nutri-Score D and E products, especially among children (PNNS4, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using the NOVA classification, the food offer marketed to children is overwhelmingly ultra-processed with 88.0% of ultra-processed foods (UPFs), especially by the high presence of aromas and ultra-processed sugars (glucose syrup); more than 93% of the products are UPFS regardless of the Nutri-Score class, except for Nutri-Score A products (28.37% UPFs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-no-health-claims-for-nutri-score-1-products-such-as-fruit-and-compotes\">No health claims for Nutri-Score 1 products such as fruit and compotes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Four product categories are mainly Nutri-Score A (around 100%): water, plain milk, fresh fruit, and compotes. These four categories only represent 117 products (including 112 compotes) out of 1 155. The correlation with the claims made shows that using nutrition claims has a decreasing gradient of Nutri-Score groups A to E. However, health claims, which are rare in these children\u2019s products, are mainly found on products in Nutri-Score group B, over-represented by dairy desserts: 100% of claims state that \u00ab calcium and vitamin D are necessary for normal growth and bone development in children \u00bb. And it is regrettable that no health claims are used for Nutri-Score A products despite their nutritional value and the interest of public health authorities in promoting them; only ingredients claims are present in 1\/3 of these products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, among the children&#8217;s foods, plain milk, fresh fruit, still water and compotes are the offers that seem to be the most appropriate regarding the 3 indicators chosen, Nutri-Score, WHO Europe Nutrient Profile Model, NOVA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Based on:<\/strong> Richonnet C, et al. Nutritional Quality and Degree of Processing of Children\u2019s Foods assessment on the French Market. Nutrients, 2022, 14, 171.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__stylized-list\">\n    <div class=\"block__stylized-list__leading\" id=\"block__stylized-list__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-pen-to-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Methodology<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div id=\"block__stylized-list__content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ul>\n&#8211; 1155 products were analyzed,<br \/>\n&#8211; systematic pick up of all food and drink packaging, in 20 French supermarkets (hypermarkets and supermarkets, hard-discount retail chains, and organic food stores)<br \/>\n&#8211; between October 23, 2020, and January 07, 2021<br \/>\n&#8211; products picked up when they included marketing elements intended for children:<\/p>\n<li>mainly drawings of a childish nature (97.22% of the products identified),<\/li>\n<li>mascots (cartoon characters, brand characters, heroes, personification of the food &#8211; 77.78%) <\/li>\n<li>childish name, playful writing font, indication of the child or his attributes (schoolbag, skateboard, hopscotch, etc.) drawn or mentioned in the text, for example \u201cideal for children&#8217;s snacks\u201d, use of the \u201ctu\u201d, game on the packaging or incentive to play online using childish cognitive abilities, primes and license<\/li>\n<p>&#8211; excluding baby food<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__solid-colored\">\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-square-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Key messages<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__content\"><ul>\n<li>Food marketed for children is mostly Nutri-Score D and E, ultra-processed and non-compliant with the WHO European model\u2019s criteria. <\/li>\n<li>Most of products marketed for children are sweet foods<\/li>\n<li>Nutri-score A products are under-represented, and the fruit category is mainly represented by compotes<\/li>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__reference\">\n    <div class=\"block__reference__leading\" id=\"block__reference__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share-from-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>References<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__reference__entries\" id=\"block__reference__entries\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>League against obesity, 2020 Forte progression de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 en France en 2020.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Boyland EJ, et al. Advertising as a cue to consume: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of acute exposure to unhealthy food and nonalcoholic beverage advertising on intake in children and adults. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.2016,103, 519\u2013533<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Sadeghirad B, et al. Influence of unhealthy food and beveragemarketing on children\u2019s dietary intake and preference: A systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized trials. Obes. Rev. 2016,17, 945\u2013959<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Clark H, et al.  A future for the world\u2019s children?  A WHO\u2013UNICEF\u2013Lancet Commission. Lancet 2020,22, 605\u2013658. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Elias R, et al. Children, Media and Food. A New Paradigm in FoodAdvertising, Social Marketing and Happiness Management. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021,18, 3588<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>World Health Organization. Evaluating Implementation of the WHO Set of Recommendations on the Marketing of Foods and Non-Alcoholic Beverages to Children; World Health Organization: Copenhagen, Denmark, 2018. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Elliott, C. Marketing Fun Foods: A Profile and Analysis of Supermarket Food Messages Targeted at Children. Can. Public Policy 2008,34, 259\u2013273<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Boyland EJ, et al. Persuasive techniques used in television advertisements to marketfoods to UK children. Appetite 2012,58, 658\u2013664<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Mzoughi M. L\u2019impact des \u201dtoy-packaging\u201d sur l\u2019attitude des enfants \u00e2g\u00e9s de 7 \u00e0 11 ans envers une marque. : une approche exp\u00e9rimentale. Gestion et management. Normandie Universit\u00e9, 2017<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Enax L, et al. Food packaging cues influence taste perception and increase effort provision for a recommended snack product in children. Front Psychol., 2015, 2;6:882<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Lythgoe A, et al. Marketing foods to children: a comparison of nutrient content between children&#8217;s and non-children&#8217;s products. Public Health Nutr. 2013;16:2221-30<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Garcia AL, et al. Confused health and nutrition claims in food marketing to children could adversely affect food choice and increase risk of obesity. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2019; 104:541-546. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Meloncelli NJL, et al. Nutritional quality of a selection of children&#8217;s packaged food available in Australia. Nutr Diet. 2016;73:88-94. <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-87518","article_revue","type-article_revue","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"auteur":"","source":"","revue":[{"ID":87506,"post_author":"25","post_date":"2022-11-29 11:52:10","post_date_gmt":"2022-11-29 10:52:10","post_content":"<!-- wp:image {\"id\":87536,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/edito-ok.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-87536\"\/><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with many interacting determinants. In 2016, overweight (including obesity) affected 18% of children worldwide (WHO, 2021). Facing this epidemic, the European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG) brings together various experts from across the board dealing with childhood obesity and overweight to fully understand the health, social, psychological, and economic impacts of childhood obesity.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Following the 31st ECOG congress held on the 2nd- 4th of November 2022, this issue of the Global Fruit &amp; Veg Newsletter is a special edition dedicated to the scientific works presented during the session sponsored by Aprifel on the theme \u201cPreventing childhood obesity: from feeding practices to dietary recommendations\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Three recent scientific works are shared in this edition, illustrating the challenge of the increased prevalence of childhood obesity and the interconnected determinants that influence children\u2019s food behaviours while suggesting some strategies to tackle this issue.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>First, <strong>Michael I. Gora<\/strong>n briefly summarized his recent book \u201cSugarproof- The Hidden Dangers of Sugar That Are Putting Your Child\u2019s Health at Risk and What You Can Do.\u201d The summary focuses mainly on fructose, a sugar present in fruit but also in fruit juice as well as other sugar sweetened beverages and explains the different mechanism of this component when consumed in whole fruit or in concentrated\/ liquid forms. The short article also addresses the positive effect of internal motivation and creating a healthy home food environment for parents to help children making the healthy dietary change and choice.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>The second article written by <strong>Carole Tournier and Sophie Nicklaus<\/strong> is a pilot intervention conducted to evaluate the effect of providing recommendations about complementary feeding to parents, on children\u2019s experience with and acceptance of textured foods. The study concluded that providing information resulted in an increase in parents\u2019 introduction of small\/soft pieces but not of more complex textures, stressing the need for further research on barriers to complex texture introduction.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>Finally, the study of <strong>C\u00e9line Richonnet<\/strong> analyzed the nutritional quality and the degree of processing of food and beverage products intended for children available on the French market. Using the Nutri-Score, the WHO Europe Nutrient Profile Model, and the NOVA classification, this study suggests that a significant share of pre-packaged foods marketed to children do not have an adequate nutritional profile.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/pictureable {\"name\":\"acf\/pictureable\",\"data\":{\"authors_0_fully_name\":\"Daniel Weghuber\",\"_authors_0_fully_name\":\"field_pictureable_author_fully_name\",\"authors_0_profession\":\"President of European Childhood Obesity Group\",\"_authors_0_profession\":\"field_pictureable_author_profession\",\"authors_0_information\":\"BELGIUM \\u0026 Professor Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, AUSTRIA \",\"_authors_0_information\":\"field_pictureable_author_information\",\"authors_0_picture\":87507,\"_authors_0_picture\":\"field_pictureable_author_picture\",\"authors\":1,\"_authors\":\"field_pictureable_authors\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/about {\"name\":\"acf\/about\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"About the author\",\"_title\":\"field_about_title\",\"content\":\"Daniel Weghuber is Professor of Pediatrics at Paracelsus Medical University (PMU) in Salzburg, Austria. Clinically, he is Head of the Department of Pediatrics, also heading the Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and the Obesity Research Unit at PMU, focusing on metabolic comorbidities including glucose and fat metabolism and phenotypes of preclinical atherosclerosis. Other areas of interest include orthopedic and psychological comorbidities, interdisciplinary diagnostics, mitochondrial genetics, and lifestyle and pharmacological treatment of childhood obesity. He is currently Past President of the European Childhood Obesity Group.\",\"_content\":\"field_about_content\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->","post_title":"Preventing Childhood Obesity : From feeding pratices to dietary recommendations","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"preventing-childhood-obesity-from-feeding-pratices-to-dietary-recommendations","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-10-24 17:24:26","post_modified_gmt":"2024-10-24 15:24:26","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=revue&#038;p=87506","menu_order":47,"post_type":"revue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"position":"3","references":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.6 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Nutritional quality and degree of 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