{"id":84825,"date":"2022-07-01T17:53:45","date_gmt":"2022-07-01T15:53:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=article_revue&#038;p=84825"},"modified":"2023-03-23T14:33:17","modified_gmt":"2023-03-23T13:33:17","slug":"antioxydant-and-female-fertility-prevention","status":"publish","type":"article_revue","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/global-fv-newsletter-article\/antioxydant-and-female-fertility-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"The role of natural antioxidant compounds on female infertility prevention"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Article-2-ok.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-84454\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Infertility, defined as the failure to conceive a pregnancy after a year or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse, concerns almost 50 million of couples in the world (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/fr\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/infertility\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">WHO, 2020<\/a>).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the prevalence of female infertility increasing yearly, it has become a global health issue. One of the main mediators of this condition is oxidative stress: it causes various reproductive pathologies in women such as endometriosis, preeclampsia, spontaneous abortion and unexplained infertility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article describes the main elements of a review conducted by an Indian team regarding the effectiveness of various natural antioxidant compounds found in fruits and vegetables &#8211; vitamins, carotenoids and polyphenols &#8211; in improving female fertility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-association-between-infertility-and-oxidative-stress\">Association between infertility and oxidative stress<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Numerous studies of literature related to the pathology of the couple\u2019s infertility involved oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of female infertility (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24900998\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gupta et al., 2014<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22748101\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Agarwal et al., 2012<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oxidative stress is considered as one of the major factors involved in the initiation of reproductive pathologies of females <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16018814\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(Agarwal et al., 2006<\/a>), such as preeclampsia, recurrent pregnancy loss, embryonic resorption, intrauterine growth restriction, and fetal death (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17425812\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gupta et al., 2007<\/a>). Oxidative stress is caused by mechanisms internal and external to the body:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Endogenous sources : Oocytes, inflammation, ageing, excessive exercice\u2026<\/li><li>Exogenous sources : toxins, radiations, heavy metals, drugs, smoking\u2026 (figure 1)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"570\" height=\"510\" src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Image1-570x510.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-84826\"\/><figcaption><em>Fig. 1 Relationship between oxidative stress and female reproduction (extract from the original paper)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-natural-antioxidant-compounds-found-in-fruit-and-vegetables\">Natural antioxidant compounds found in fruit and vegetables<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>An antioxidant may be defined as a molecule having the propensity to neutralize or inhibit the free radical reactions and thus, delay or prevent cellular damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Natural antioxidant compounds found in fruit and vegetables can be broadly divided into three groups:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Vitamins<\/strong><br>&#8211; <strong>Vitamin C<\/strong> is commonly found in fresh vegetables and fruits, particularly in citrus fruits. Ascorbic acid mainly has three natural functions of specific interest for reproduction, which depend on its reducing power: it is necessary for collagen synthesis, for peptide and steroid hormone synthesis, and for prevention of oxidation of biological molecules.<br>&#8211; <strong>Vitamin E<\/strong>: Food like green vegetables, vegetable oil, kiwi fruits, and nuts such as almonds, walnuts, etc. are high in vitamin E. Apart from the various functions it performs in the body, vitamin E is primarily essential to maintain the normal fertility potential of both human and livestock species. In fact, it was first recognized as the critical dietary factor for the reproductive potential of both male and female rats (Evans et al., 1922; Putman et al., 1987).<br>&#8211; <strong>Vitamin A<\/strong> plays an important role in the reproduction of females including steroidogenesis, follicular growth, and oocyte and embryo development (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6286416\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gad et al., 2018<\/a>).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Carotenoids<\/strong> are pigments naturally found in red or dark green and yellow fruits and vegetables. There are some carotenoids (\u03b1- and \u03b2-carotene, \u03b2-cryptoxanthin) which can be converted into vitamin A in humans and, thus, aid in providing this essential vitamin to the body. Women with spontaneous preterm birth defects have been found to have a lower concentration of carotenoids in the serum, while elevated serum concentrations of \u03b1- and \u03b2-carotene, \u03b1- and \u03b2cryptoxanthin, and lycopene reduce premature birth risk (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19568173\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kramer et al., 2009<\/a>). Consumption of a diet containing fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids has also been documented in preventing premature birth (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30045719\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Englund-Ogge et al., 2014<\/a>).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Phenolic compounds<\/strong> are found in various plant-based food such as vegetables, fruits, chocolate, nuts, wine, tea, and coffee. Studies related to the effects of dietary polyphenol consumption on reproductive health of humans are limited and show inconsistent results. However, based on the accumulated evidence from in vitro and in vivo animal studies, along with few human studies in various contexts, some researchers may believe that polyphenols have potential health benefit on human reproduction (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25376587\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ly et al., 2015<\/a>).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Numerous studies in animals and humans have shown a decrease in the levels of oxidative stress markers after consumption of vegetables and fruits or antioxidant supplements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other studies show that low intake of antioxidant sources such as fruits and vegetables by females seems to increase their risk to endometriosis, one of the causative factors for female infertility (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15254009\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Parazzini et al., 2004<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Larger well-designed, dose\u2013response studies in humans are further warranted to incorporate natural antioxidant compounds into the clinical management of female infertility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__stylized-list\">\n    <div class=\"block__stylized-list__leading\" id=\"block__stylized-list__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-pen-to-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Methodology<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div id=\"block__stylized-list__content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ul>\n<li>Review<\/li>\n<li>372 publications were included in the original publication<\/li>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__solid-colored\">\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-square-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Key messages<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__content\"><ul>\n<li>Natural antioxidant compounds found in fruits, vegetables, and other dietary sources, alone or in combination with other antioxidants, were found to be effective in ameliorating the oxidative stress-mediated infertility problems in both natural and assisted reproductive settings.<\/li>\n<li>Although optimum levels of natural antioxidants have shown favorable results, however, their excessive intake may have adverse health impacts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Based on<\/strong> : Bhardwaj JK, et al. Ameliorating Effects of Natural Antioxidant Compounds on Female Infertility: a Review. Reprod Sci. 2021 May;28(5):1227-1256.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__reference\">\n    <div class=\"block__reference__leading\" id=\"block__reference__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share-from-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__reference__entries\" id=\"block__reference__entries\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Agarwal A, et al. The effects of oxidative stress on female reproduction: a review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2012;10:49<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Agarwal A. Role of oxidative stress in female reproduction. ReprodBioMed Online. 2006;13:126\u201334.20.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Englund-Ogge L,  et al. Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and preterm delivery: a large prospective cohort study in China. BrMed J. 2014;348:1446<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Evans HM, Bishop KS. Inhibition of 5 alpha-reductase in genital skin fibroblasts and prostate tissue by dietary lignans and isoflavonoids. Science. 1922;56:650\u20131.123<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Gad A, et al. Retinoic acid improves maturation rate and upregulates the expression of antioxidant-related genes in in vitro matured buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) oocytes. Int J Vet Sci Med. 2018;6:279\u201385 <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Gupta S, et al. The role of oxidative stress in spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2007;62:335\u201347.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Gupta S, et al. Power of proteomics in linking oxidative stress and female infertility. Biomed Res Int. 2014;9162127 <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Kramer MS, et al. Epidemiology. Antioxidant vitamins, long-chain fatty acids, and spontaneous preterm birth. 2009;20:707\u201313.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Ly C, et al. The effects of dietary polyphenols on reproductive health and early development. Hum Reprod Update. 2015;21:228\u201348.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Parazzini F, et al. Selected food intake and risk of endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2004;19:1755\u20139<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Putnam ME, Comben N. Vitamin E. Vet Rec. 1987;121:541\u20135.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-84825","article_revue","type-article_revue","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"auteur":"","source":"","revue":[{"ID":84821,"post_author":"25","post_date":"2022-07-01 16:25:15","post_date_gmt":"2022-07-01 14:25:15","post_content":"<!-- wp:image {\"id\":84456,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Edito-ok-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-84456\"\/><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>Countless studies are constantly being carried out, and no two are alike. Here is an overview of three studies exploring unusual targets of fruit and vegetable consumption.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><li>The first study dealt with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which encompasses Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). The cause of these two conditions is unknown although the mechanism involved has been identified, with a strong inflammatory component. Data suggest that diet may trigger, aggravate or even favour them. Consumption of fibre was associated with a slight reduction in the risk of Crohn\u2019s disease, while fruit and vegetable consumption was linked to a decrease in Crohn\u2019s disease and UC. This may have been due to the anti-inflammatory effects of fruit and vegetables, their impact on the microbiota, or a favourable effect of the associated eating style (less fat and sugar, etc.?). However, especially in the case-control studies, reverse causality could not be ruled out considering that the IBD patients reduced their consumption of produce during flare-ups.<\/li><li>The second study focused on sulforaphane and foods high in it (i.e. cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables), and reviewed its effects on various diseases (inflammation, carcinogenesis, the microbiota, ageing processes, chronic kidney disease). Findings suggest that this compound, and therefore foods high in it, may be beneficial for patients with chronic kidney failure.<\/li><li>The third publication reviewed various candidate nutrients for preventing female infertility, which is a genuine public health problem that seems to be worsening, either because of the increasing age of women wanting to have children or due to unfavourable changes in the eating or lifestyle (smoking, etc.) habits of these women. Oxidative stress seems to be involved in reducing female fertility (and also male fertility). And yet a large number of well-known nutrients with antioxidant effects are widely found in fruit and vegetables (vitamins C, E and A, carotenoids, polyphenols, etc.). The authors are in favour of undertaking clinical studies to provide evidence supporting this assumption and encourage the use of antioxidants in cases of infertility. As a precautionary measure, instead of advocating food supplements, it would be safer to propose fruit and vegetables.<\/li><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Fruit and vegetables are therefore a safe bet for a growing number of health benefits.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/pictureable {\"id\":\"block_62bf0243dac96\",\"name\":\"acf\/pictureable\",\"data\":{\"authors_0_fully_name\":\"Jean Michel Lecerf\",\"_authors_0_fully_name\":\"field_pictureable_author_fully_name\",\"authors_0_profession\":\"Doctor\",\"_authors_0_profession\":\"field_pictureable_author_profession\",\"authors_0_information\":\"Nutrition \\u0026 Physical Activity Department Preventive Health and Longevity Centre, Institut Pasteur de Lille, FRANCE\",\"_authors_0_information\":\"field_pictureable_author_information\",\"authors_0_picture\":84447,\"_authors_0_picture\":\"field_pictureable_author_picture\",\"authors\":1,\"_authors\":\"field_pictureable_authors\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/about {\"id\":\"block_62bf027cdac97\",\"name\":\"acf\/about\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"About the author\",\"_title\":\"field_about_title\",\"content\":\"Dr. Jean-Michel Lecerf is a specialist in endocrinology and metabolic diseases. He has been a clinician at the Lille University Hospital, in lipidology, for more than 30 years. He has also been the head of the Nutrition Department at the Pasteur Institute of Lille since 1982, where he conducts applied research, public health and teaching in the field of nutrition. He is the author of numerous scientific publications and about 20 books on nutrition, cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, and metabolism.\",\"_content\":\"field_about_content\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->","post_title":"74 - June 2022","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"health-benefits-of-fruit-and-vegetables-across-the-board","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-10-24 17:20:19","post_modified_gmt":"2024-10-24 15:20:19","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=revue&#038;p=84821","menu_order":57,"post_type":"revue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"position":"2","references":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.6 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Antioxydant and female fertility 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