{"id":83998,"date":"2022-06-23T10:24:52","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T08:24:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=article_revue&#038;p=83998"},"modified":"2023-03-23T14:33:37","modified_gmt":"2023-03-23T13:33:37","slug":"anthocyanins-can-help-improve-muscle-recovery-in-athletes","status":"publish","type":"article_revue","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/global-fv-newsletter-article\/anthocyanins-can-help-improve-muscle-recovery-in-athletes\/","title":{"rendered":"Anthocyanins can help improve muscle recovery in athletes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Article-3-ok.jpg\" alt=\"Fruits et l\u00e9gumes rouge, anthocyanes, \" class=\"wp-image-80675\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__unpictureable\">\n    <strong class=\"block__unpictureable__title\">Author(s)<\/strong>\n    <div class=\"block__unpictureable__items\">\n                    <div class=\"block__unpictureable__item\">\n                <strong>Julien Aucouturier<\/strong>\n                <span>Science writer &#8211; Health, Physical Activity, Sports and Nutrition, FRANCE<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Muscle damage can occur both in highly trained athletes and in occasional athletes when they make unusual efforts in terms of duration or intensity. This muscle damage can cause temporary soreness (up to 48 hours), which includes both a perception of pain and a decrease in joint mobility and the ability of the muscle to contract effectively.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, data from a recent review and meta-analysis on the effects of anthocyanins in fruit on muscle recovery after exercise are summarised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-muscle-damage-occurs-mainly-during-unusual-exertion\">Muscle damage occurs mainly during unusual exertion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Muscle damage is related to longer than usual or more intense sports activities, in terms of both cardio-respiratory activity and the forces produced. This damage is not serious in terms of health and can even be considered a normal stage in the process of muscle adaptation to exercise (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7481277\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MacIntyre, 1995<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This muscle damage results in the loss of cell membrane integrity, which leads to the passage of intra-cellular proteins into blood circulation, and an alteration in the structure of the muscle cells, thus limiting their ability to contract effectively. While some of this damage is the direct result of mechanical stress on the muscle, some of it is linked to the increase in oxidative stress during exercise, and then to the inflammation that follows it (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8665277\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pyne, 1994<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This has prompted research into whether the polyphenols, and particularly the anthocyanins (mauve or red pigments), contained in the fruit can have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that limit muscle damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, researchers from Northumbria and Newcastle Universities in the UK undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of these studies (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10408398.2021.1963208\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kimble, 2021<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-anthocyanins-improve-muscle-recovery-at-biochemical-functional-and-perceptual-levels\">Anthocyanins improve muscle recovery at biochemical, functional and perceptual levels<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Analysis of the data compiled from these studies indicates the following main results:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Anthocyanin consumption results in significant decreases in markers of muscle damage such as creatine kinase (CK) and markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein (CRP), while total antioxidant capacity is significantly increased.<\/li><li>From a functional point of view, the consumption of foods rich in anthocyanins results in less loss of muscle strength after exercise. Moreover, this significant effect, immediately after the end of the exercise, persists for at least 48 hours.<\/li><li>On a perceptual level, muscle pain related to soreness is significantly reduced 24 hours after exercise.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the advantages of the action of anthocyanins is that they act on multiple signalling pathways. This includes, for example, anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting enzymes such as cyclooxygenase, which is responsible for the protection of prostaglandins, or antioxidant effects which limit damage to muscle cell membranes (Bloedon, 2019). Ultimately, the lesser damage to the integrity of the muscle allows its function to be preserved (Kimble, 2021).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-recommendation-would-be-to-consume-fruit-and-vegetables-that-are-rich-in-anthocyanins-for-a-faster-recovery-after-exercising\">The recommendation would be to consume fruit and vegetables that are rich in anthocyanins for a faster recovery after exercising<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A limitation of current studies on anthocyanins in fruit is that they often concern processed products, whether juices, powders or concentrates. It follows that anthocyanin intakes can vary greatly from one study to another, although it is not possible to conclude that there is a clear link between anthocyanin dose and the extent of muscle damage limitation. Thus the median anthocyanin intake of the 39 included studies is 80 mg\/d, with extreme values ranging from 8 to 3600 mg\/d (examples of anthocyanin contents in certain fruit: blackcurrant: 592 mg\/100g; black grape: 35mg\/100g; raspberries: 31mg\/100g; strawberries: 24mg\/100g &#8211; www.aprifel.com).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite this limitation, the existing data justify recommending the consumption of anthocyanin-rich fruit and vegetables for those who wish to recover more quickly from unusual exercise (McLeay, 2012; Vitale, 2017). These aspects are interesting both for competitive athletes who want to limit the impact of muscle damage on their performance and for more occasional exercisers who want to limit the discomfort of muscle soreness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Based on:<\/strong> Kimble R, et al. The effect of dietary anthocyanins on biochemical, physiological, and subjective exercise recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Aug 17:1-15<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__stylized-list\">\n    <div class=\"block__stylized-list__leading\" id=\"block__stylized-list__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-pen-to-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Methodology<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div id=\"block__stylized-list__content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ul>\n<li>This systematic review included 39 papers (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL) for a total of 767 subjects with a median age of 24 years.<\/li>\n<li>In these studies, anthocyanins were most often found in tart cherries, followed by blackcurrants, grapes, and blueberries.<\/li>\n<ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__solid-colored\">\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-regular fa-square-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>Key messages<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__solid-colored__content\"><ul>\n<li>The anthocyanins in fruit have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that limit damage to muscle cell membranes<\/li>\n<li>The existing data justify the recommendation to consume fruit and vegetables that are rich in anthocyanins, after muscular effort and to limit the discomfort linked to muscle soreness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block__reference\">\n    <div class=\"block__reference__leading\" id=\"block__reference__leading\">\n        <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share-from-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n        <strong>References<\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"block__reference__entries\" id=\"block__reference__entries\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Bloed TK et al. Impact of anthocyanin-rich whole fruit consumption on exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition Reviews. 2019. 77(9): 630-645.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>MacIntyre DL et al. Delayed muscle soreness. The inflammatory response to muscle injury and its clinical implications. Sports Medicine. 1995. 20(1):24-40.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>McLeay Y. et al. Effect of New Zealand blueberry consumption on recovery from eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2012. 9(1):19.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"block__reference__entry\">\n                <i class=\"fa-classic fa-solid fa-share\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <span>Pyne DB. Exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation: A review. Australian Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 1994. 26(3-4): 49-58.<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-83998","article_revue","type-article_revue","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"auteur":"","source":"o","revue":[{"ID":84126,"post_author":"22","post_date":"2022-06-23 10:12:36","post_date_gmt":"2022-06-23 08:12:36","post_content":"<!-- wp:image {\"id\":80648,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bandeau-bis-764x510.jpg\" alt=\"Young activ woman eating a bowl of fruits\" class=\"wp-image-80648\"\/><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>Never before have we been so encouraged to follow recommendations for a healthy, active and balanced lifestyle to ensure better physical, moral and social health, now and in the future. However, at the same time, never before has our society, due to its changes, led us to such a sedentary lifestyle, such a low level of physical activity, or a diet that is too often unbalanced.<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Our daily activity habits and our diet, which are often considered in scientific literature and public health recommendations as two independent levers for managing our energy balance, seem to interact and influence each other.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><li>In his article, Professor Lecerf considers the results of a study conducted on more than 5,000 students to illustrate how regular physical activity and a healthy diet positively influence weight regulation and jointly reduce the risks of excess weight.<\/li><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><li>Dr Aucouturier presents the results of a systematic and meta-analytical review highlighting the essential role of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables in minimising the physiological consequences, and in particular muscle damage, inflammation or other oxidative stress, following certain intensive physical activities.<\/li><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul><li>Finally, Dr Julian highlights the still underestimated effects of our daily activities on our dietary control, pointing out that an active lifestyle and a low level of sedentary behaviour promote a healthier and more balanced diet from an early age.<\/li><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The issue thus clearly and appropriately highlights not only the need to follow public health recommendations, but also shows the synergy between an active lifestyle and a balanced diet.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/unpictureable {\"id\":\"block_62b42006bb62d\",\"name\":\"acf\/unpictureable\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"Author(s)\",\"_title\":\"field_unpictureable_title\",\"authors_0_fully_name\":\"David Thivel\",\"_authors_0_fully_name\":\"field_unpictureable_author_fully_name\",\"authors_0_profession\":\"Associate Professor, AME2P Laboratory, UPR 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, FRANCE\",\"_authors_0_profession\":\"field_unpictureable_author_profession\",\"authors\":1,\"_authors\":\"field_unpictureable_authors\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:acf\/about {\"id\":\"block_629f14f6bb228\",\"name\":\"acf\/about\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"About the author\",\"_title\":\"field_about_title\",\"content\":\"\\u003cul\\u003e\\r\\n\\t\\u003cli\\u003eDavid Thivel holds a PhD in Exercise Physiology and Human Nutrition (INRAE and Blaise Pascal University, France) and two postdoctoral positions, first at the New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center (Columbia University, USA) and then at the Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group (Ottawa, Canada).\\u003c\/li\\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\\t\\u003cli\\u003eDavid mainly works on the metabolic, energetic and nutritional adaptations to daily activities and exercise-versus dietary-induced energy deficits, particularly in pediatric obesity.\\u003c\/li\\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\\t\\u003cli\\u003eDavid currently leads the AME2P research laboratory (Clermont Auvergne University) and is vice-president of the European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG).\\u003c\/li\\u003e\\r\\n\\u003c\/ul\\u003e\\r\\n\\r\\n\",\"_content\":\"field_about_content\"},\"align\":\"center\",\"mode\":\"auto\"} \/-->","post_title":"70 - F\u00e9vrier 2022","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"balanced-diet-and-active-lifestyle-a-winning-duo","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-03-23 14:33:43","post_modified_gmt":"2023-03-23 13:33:43","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=revue&#038;p=84126","menu_order":66,"post_type":"revue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"position":"3","references":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.6 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Anthocyanins can help improve muscle recovery in athletes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Muscle damage can occur both in highly trained athletes and in occasional athletes when they make unusual efforts in terms of duration or intensity.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/global-fv-newsletter-article\/anthocyanins-can-help-improve-muscle-recovery-in-athletes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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