{"id":83990,"date":"2022-06-23T09:57:28","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T07:57:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=article_revue&p=83990"},"modified":"2023-03-23T14:33:50","modified_gmt":"2023-03-23T13:33:50","slug":"nutrient-intakes-and-bone-health-a-review-stresses-the-importance-of-a-healthy-varied-diet","status":"publish","type":"article_revue","link":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/en\/global-fv-newsletter-article\/nutrient-intakes-and-bone-health-a-review-stresses-the-importance-of-a-healthy-varied-diet\/","title":{"rendered":"Nutrient intakes and bone health : a review stresses the importance of a healthy, varied diet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"Alimentation<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n Author(s)<\/strong>\n
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\n Jean-Michel Lecerf<\/strong>\n Nutrition & Physical Activity Department – Institut Pasteur de Lille, FRANCE<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease that affects over 20% of women aged 50 and over in Europe (Borgstr\u00f6m, 2020<\/a>). In addition to genetic and hormonal factors and obviously age, there are many lifestyle-related factors that come into play, namely physical activity and nutrition (Rizzoli, 2010<\/a>). A recent literature review conducted by one of the foremost teams in the area of bone health and nutrition (Rizzoli, 2021<\/a>) provides a comprehensive overview of this issue. It points out the importance of adequate protein, calcium, vitamin D, fruit and vegetable intakes. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The authors examined the role of nutrients, food and certain diets (in the broad sense), using a rigorous nutritional and scientific approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dairy products : a positive effect on bone mineral density and fracture risk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dairy products<\/strong> rank first in terms of evidence. Not consuming them is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures, regardless of age (Opotowsky, 2033; Goulding, 2004<\/a>; Konstantinowicz, 2007<\/a>). Observational studies have shown that high intakes are associated with increased bone mineral density<\/strong> and bone strength and reduced fracture risk<\/strong> (Matkovic, 2004). The clearest benefit is observed for fermented dairy products (Ong, 2020<\/a>). This is not due to calcium alone but rather to a food matrix effect<\/strong>, because for the same intake of calcium, taking calcium supplements is less effective in terms of bone mineral density than eating cheese (Cheng, 2005<\/a>). Indeed, high calcium intakes increase bone mineral density in children and adolescents in particular, although no reduction in fracture risk has been demonstrated (Winzenberg, 2006)<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vitamin D<\/strong> also plays a key role in bone metabolism<\/strong>. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation reduces fracture risk in at-risk and elderly subjects (Yao, 2019).<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The role of protein<\/strong> has been established in prospective epidemiological studies showing that high intakes are associated with reduced fracture risk<\/strong>, especially for milk protein. Calcium-protein and calcium-vitamin D-protein interactions seem favourable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fruit and vegetables : regular consumption reduces fracture risk by 8%<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Eating fruit and vegetables<\/strong> is also beneficial for bone mineral density. Observational studies have shown an 8% reduction in fracture risk<\/strong> when fruit and vegetables are consumed on a regular basis (Brondani, 2019<\/a>). Several mechanisms of action<\/strong> are described as explaining this protective effect :<\/p>\n\n\n\n