Freshmen gain an average of 4.2 pounds, a rate gain that is an
\nalarming 11 times greater than the average.
\nTherefore, the effect of physical activity (PA), fruit and vegetable
\nintake, and alcohol use on 6-month weight change was
\ninvestigated in 193 college freshmen to help identify the causes
\nof an increased weight gain for this population.
\nAll first-year freshmen aged between 17 and 19 years at
\nWinthrop University were eligible to participate in the study.
\nDuring the third week of fall 2002 classes, and last full month of
\nclasses in spring, an e-mail was sent that explained the study
\nand contained the survey Web address. The online survey
\nbecame available after the student checked the informedconsent
\nbox at the site.
\nBaseline survey respondents reported demographic information
\non age, race, sex, residency, and meal-plan status. Two questions
\nwere added to the follow-up survey:
\n1. How much do you think your weight changed? and
\n2. Did you complete the fall survey on freshman weight gain?
\nRespondents\u2019 self-reported weight and height were collected to
\ncalculate body mass index (BMI) scores (in kg\/m2). Respondents
\nwere categorized according to initial BMI values; BMI values <25
\nwere desirable and values \u226525 were overweight. There were not
\nenough students with BMIs >30 to justify a separate analysis.
\nThe 3 CDC\u2013YRBS questions was used to assess physical activity
\nfrequency.
\n1. How many times in the past week did you participate in
\nactivities for 20 minutes that made you sweat?
\n2. How many times in the past week did you participate in
\nactivities for 30 minutes that did not make you sweat?
\n3. How many times in the past week did you participate in
\nstrength-training activities?
\nResponse choices ranged from 0 (no activity sessions per week)
\nto 7 (activity every day of the week).
\nThe 1995 American College of Sports Medicine recommendation
\nfor vigorous physical activity \u2014 20 minutes or more at least
\n3 days a week to provide substantial health benefits \u2014 to was
\nused determine categorization for total activity. Total activity
\nscores were created by summing the frequency of response to
\ncreate 3 categories: 0\u20131 activity sessions per week (low), 2\u20133
\nsessions per week (moderate), and >4 sessions per week (high).
\nFor alcohol measures, 2 questions were adapted from the
\nCDC\u2013YRBS: (1) on how many days have you had at least 1 drink
\nof alcohol? and (2) in past 30 days, on how many days did you
\nhave at least one drink of alcohol? The definition of one drink was
\nnot given, but it was stated that \u201cthis includes drinking beer,
\nwine coolers, and liquor such as rum, gin, vodka, or whiskey. For
\nthese questions, drinking alcohol does not include drinking a few
\nsips of wine for religious purposes. To determine the number of
\nfruit and vegetable servings consumed per week, the Block
\nReduced Food Frequency Questionnaire (RFFQ) was used. The
\nRFFQ provides a quick estimate of frequency of intake but does
\nnot account for portion size. To tally fruit and vegetable intake,
\nthe frequency of consumption of fruit juice, fresh or canned fruit,
\ngreen salads, potatoes, soups with vegetables, and any kind of
\nvegetable was summed. Fruit and vegetable intake was
\ndescribed as adequate, \u226511 servings\/wk, or low,<11\/wk.
\nResults showed an overall average weight gain of 2.5 lbs (p<.05),
\nalthough only 57% reported weight gain (M=7.1 lbs). Fruit and
\nvegetable intake decreased (p=.034), alcohol use increased
\n(p>.05), and PA was unchanged. Weight gain for students with
\nBMI\u226525 kg\/m2 was nearly twice that of students with BMIs< 25
\n(p<.05). Students with low-frequency baseline PA were twice as
\nlikely to be overweight. Follow-up data showed that students
\nreporting high frequency of low-intensity PA were twice as likely
\nto have healthy BMIs as students engaging in low- and
\nmoderate-frequency PA. Initial BMI score was the measure most
\nhighly associated with weight gain. Overweight students
\n(BMI>25) gained nearly twice as much weight during the 6-
\nmonth interval as did students with desirable BMI scores.
\nIndividuals with higher initial BMIs experienced an average
\nincrease of 6.99% in body weight, whereas students with
\ndesirable initial BMIs experienced an average 5.21% weight gain.
\nThese findings justify the need for immediate and appropriate
\ninterventions to prevent weight gain, especially among students
\nwith overweight BMI scores.
\nOne limitation is that fruits and vegetables tallies included
\npotatoes, thus, students likely did not meet actual criteria for
\nadequate fruit and vegetable intake.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-70917","article_revue","type-article_revue","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"auteur":"","source":"","revue":[{"ID":70464,"post_author":"22","post_date":"2020-04-21 08:15:57","post_date_gmt":"2020-04-21 06:15:57","post_content":"","post_title":"25 - July\/August 2008","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"25-july-august-2008","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2020-04-21 08:15:57","post_modified_gmt":"2020-04-21 06:15:57","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/aprifel-pp.mentalworks.biz\/?post_type=revue&p=70464","menu_order":197,"post_type":"revue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"position":"3","references":"